Rodriguez Reguero J J, Iglesias Cubero G, Lòpez de la Iglesia J, Terrados N, Gonzalez V, Cortina R, Cortina A
Servicio de Cardiologia, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;70(5):375-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00618486.
The term athlete's heart refers to an increased left ventricular mass. Few studies have assessed the prevalence and normal upper limit of cardiac hypertrophy in highly trained cyclists and this was the aim of this study. A group of 40 professional road cyclists [mean age 26 (SD 3) years] who had participated in European competitions for 3-10 years, were evaluated at the beginning of the 1992-93 season. Evaluation included a clinical history and physical examination, one and two-dimensional echocardiography, 12-lead resting electrocardiogram and a graded exercise test. Determination of the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was performed using Devereux's formula with correction for the body surface area. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at rest and at peak exercise. Of the group 23 cyclists (58%) presented a LVMI greater than 130 g.m-2, 21 cyclists presented a diastolic ventricular thickness equal to or greater than 13 mm, with a superior limit of 19 mm; 3 cyclists presented asymmetrical septum hypertrophy; and the relationship between posterior wall and left ventricular diastolic radius was equal to or greater than 0.45 in 14 cases (35%). Electrocardiographic abnormalities of ST-T segment were seen in only 1 subject. No correlation was found between the degree of ventricular hypertrophy and arterial blood pressure. We concluded that these professional cyclists showed a high prevalence of cardiac hypertrophy (58%). The distribution of this hypertrophy was concentric in 20/33 and asymmetric in 3/23 of the subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. The electrocardiograms were normal in 98% of the subjects.
术语“运动员心脏”指的是左心室质量增加。很少有研究评估过训练有素的自行车运动员心脏肥大的患病率及正常上限，而这正是本研究的目的。一组40名职业公路自行车运动员[平均年龄26（标准差3）岁]，他们参加欧洲比赛已有3至10年，于1992 - 93赛季开始时接受评估。评估包括临床病史和体格检查、一维及二维超声心动图、12导联静息心电图以及分级运动试验。使用Devereux公式并校正体表面积来测定左心室质量指数（LVMI）。在静息和运动峰值时测量收缩压和舒张压。该组中有23名自行车运动员（58%）的LVMI大于130 g.m-2，21名自行车运动员的舒张期心室厚度等于或大于13 mm，上限为19 mm；3名自行车运动员出现不对称性室间隔肥厚；14例（35%）后壁与左心室舒张半径的关系等于或大于0.45。仅1名受试者出现ST - T段心电图异常。未发现心室肥厚程度与动脉血压之间存在相关性。我们得出结论，这些职业自行车运动员心脏肥大的患病率很高（58%）。在左心室肥大的受试者中，这种肥大的分布在20/33为向心性，在3/23为非对称性。98%的受试者心电图正常。
