LeBlanc A, Lin C, Shackelford L, Sinitsyn V, Evans H, Belichenko O, Schenkman B, Kozlovskaya I, Oganov V, Bakulin A, Hedrick T, Feeback D
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 Dec;89(6):2158-64. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2000.89.6.2158.
Postflight changes in muscle volume, calf muscle transverse relaxation time, and total body composition were measured in 4 crewmembers after a 17-day mission and in 14-16 crewmembers in multiple shuttle/Mir missions of 16- to 28-wk duration. During the 17-day mission, all muscle regions except the hamstrings significantly decreased 3-10% compared with baseline. During the shuttle/Mir missions, there were significant decreases in muscle volume (5-17%) in all muscle groups except the neck. These changes, which reached a new steady state by 4 mo of flight or less, were reversed within 30-60 days after landing. Postflight swelling and elevation of calf muscle transverse relaxation time persisted for several weeks after flight, which suggests possible muscle damage. In contrast to the 17-day flight, in which loss in fat, but not lean body mass, was found (25), losses in bone mineral content and lean body mass, but not fat, were seen after the longer shuttle/Mir missions. The percent losses in total body lean body mass and bone mineral content were similar at approximately 3.4-3.5%, whereas the pelvis demonstrated the largest regional bone loss at 13%.
在一次为期17天的任务后，对4名机组人员进行了飞行后肌肉体积、小腿肌肉横向弛豫时间和全身成分的测量，并在16至28周时长的多次航天飞机/和平号空间站任务中对14至16名机组人员进行了测量。在为期17天的任务期间，除腘绳肌外，所有肌肉区域与基线相比均显著减少了3%至10%。在航天飞机/和平号空间站任务期间，除颈部外，所有肌肉群的肌肉体积均显著减少（5%至17%）。这些变化在飞行4个月或更短时间内达到新的稳定状态，并在着陆后30至60天内恢复。飞行后小腿肌肉肿胀和横向弛豫时间升高在飞行后持续数周，这表明可能存在肌肉损伤。与为期17天的飞行中发现脂肪减少但去脂体重未减少（25）不同，在更长时间的航天飞机/和平号空间站任务后，观察到骨矿物质含量和去脂体重减少，但脂肪未减少。全身去脂体重和骨矿物质含量的减少百分比相似，约为3.4%至3.5%，而骨盆区域的骨丢失最大，为13%。
