Weiner E L, Swain G R, Wolf B, Gottlieb M
Behavioral Medicine Education, McLaren Family Practice Residency Program G-3245 Beecher Rd Flint, MI 48532, USA.
West J Med. 2001 Jan;174(1):19-23. doi: 10.1136/ewjm.174.1.19.
To delineate the specific practices that physicians use to promote their own well-being.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: 304 members of a primary care practice-based research group responded by mail to a survey on physician well-being. From the original survey, 130 subjects responded to an open-ended survey item regarding their own wellness-promotion practices.
Qualitative content analysis was used to identify the common themes in the physicians' responses to the open-ended question. A validated 18-item instrument, the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB), was used for measurement.
Similarities and differences between the various wellness-promotion practices that respondents reported using and associations between the use of these practices and SPWB scores.
The 5 primary wellness-promotion practices that evolved from thematic analysis of the survey responses included "relationships," "religion or spirituality," "self-care," "work," and "approaches to life." The use of the last type of practice was significantly associated with increased psychological well-being (SPWB) scores compared with the use of any of the other wellness-promotion practice categories (P<0.01), and there was a trend toward increased well-being among users of any category of wellness-promotion practices. Comments by our respondents provide specific descriptions of how physicians attend to their emotional, spiritual, and psychological well-being.
Physicians use a variety of approaches to promote their own well-being, which sort themselves into 5 main categories and appear to correlate with improved levels of psychological well-being among users.
描述医生用于促进自身幸福感的具体做法。
设计、背景和参与者：一个基于初级保健实践的研究小组的304名成员通过邮件回复了一项关于医生幸福感的调查。在最初的调查中，130名受试者回复了一个关于他们自身健康促进做法的开放式调查项目。
采用定性内容分析法来确定医生对开放式问题回复中的共同主题。使用经过验证的包含18个条目的工具——心理幸福感量表（SPWB）进行测量。
受访者报告使用的各种健康促进做法之间的异同，以及这些做法的使用与SPWB得分之间的关联。
从对调查回复的主题分析中得出的5种主要健康促进做法包括“人际关系”“宗教或精神信仰”“自我护理”“工作”和“生活方式”。与使用其他任何一种健康促进做法类别相比，使用最后一种做法与心理幸福感（SPWB）得分的增加显著相关（P<0.01），并且使用任何一类健康促进做法的人群中都存在幸福感增加的趋势。我们的受访者的评论提供了医生如何关注其情感、精神和心理幸福感的具体描述。
医生使用多种方法来促进自身幸福感，这些方法可分为5大类，并且似乎与使用者心理幸福感水平的提高相关。
