Ryff C D, Keyes C L
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995 Oct;69(4):719-27. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.69.4.719.
A theoretical model of psychological well-being that encompasses 6 distinct dimensions of wellness (Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations with Others, Purpose in Life, Self-Acceptance) was tested with data from a nationally representative sample of adults (N = 1,108), aged 25 and older, who participated in telephone interviews. Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for the proposed 6-factor model, with a single second-order super factor. The model was superior in fit over single-factor and other artifactual models. Age and sex differences on the various well-being dimensions replicated prior findings. Comparisons with other frequently used indicators (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction) demonstrated that the latter neglect key aspects of positive functioning emphasized in theories of health and well-being.
一个涵盖6个不同健康维度（自主性、环境掌控力、个人成长、与他人的积极关系、生活目的、自我接纳）的心理幸福感理论模型，使用来自全国代表性的25岁及以上成年人样本（N = 1108）的数据进行了测试，这些成年人参与了电话访谈。验证性因素分析为所提出的具有单一二阶超级因素的6因素模型提供了支持。该模型在拟合度上优于单因素模型和其他人为模型。在各个幸福感维度上的年龄和性别差异重复了先前的研究结果。与其他常用指标（积极和消极情绪、生活满意度）的比较表明，后者忽略了健康和幸福感理论中强调的积极功能的关键方面。
