Müsken H, Franz J T, Wahl R, Paap A, Cromwell O, Masuch G, Bergmann K C
Allergy and Asthma Clinic, Bad Lippspringe, Germany.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2000 Nov-Dec;10(6):346-51.
Various mite species referred to collectively as house dust and storage mites are recognized worldwide as a cause of allergic airway disease. Our study aimed to investigate the frequency of sensitization and potential importance of mite species in farmers using a broad mite spectrum. A total of 86 German farmers with rhinitis and/or asthma were studied by skin prick testing and/or enzyme allergosorbent test (EAST) with the following mites: Blomia tjibodas, Blomia tropicalis, Blomia kulagini, Glycyphagus domesticus, Thyreophagus entomophagus, Euroglyphus maynei, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus farris and Cheyletus eruditus. Sensitization to at least one mite species was detected in 51 patients (59%) by skin prick testing, and in 31 patients (36%) by EAST. The most frequent sensitizations determined by skin tests were found for the three Blomia species, E. maynei and G. domesticus. Twelve patients (14%) gave a positive EAST with the predator mite C. eruditus. A total of 22 patients gave positive EAST results with the Dermatophagoides species. We were able to document sensitization to C. arcuatus, E. maynei and T. entomophagus for the first time in Germany. A considerable proportion of the German farmers tested were sensitized to storage mites. The allergological potential of various mite species has been recognized, some for the first time. It was concluded that B. tjibodas, G. domesticus, C. arcuatus and C. eruditus in particular should be included in an allergy diagnosis. Further investigations into the clinical relevance of the sensitizations and possible cross-reactivity between the mite species are necessary.
多种统称为屋尘螨和仓储螨的螨类被全世界公认为是变应性气道疾病的病因。我们的研究旨在使用广泛的螨谱调查农民中螨致敏的频率以及螨类物种的潜在重要性。通过皮肤点刺试验和/或酶联免疫吸附试验（EAST），使用以下螨类对86名患有鼻炎和/或哮喘的德国农民进行了研究：吉氏柏氏螨、热带柏氏螨、库拉金柏氏螨、家甜食螨、嗜虫食酪螨、梅氏真厉螨、弧形嗜卷叶螨、粉尘螨、屋尘螨、粗脚粉螨、害嗜鳞螨、腐食酪螨、法氏粉螨和学识钝绥螨。通过皮肤点刺试验在51名患者（59%）中检测到对至少一种螨类物种的致敏，通过EAST在31名患者（36%）中检测到。皮肤试验确定的最常见致敏是三种柏氏螨、梅氏真厉螨和家甜食螨。12名患者（14%）对捕食性螨学识钝绥螨的EAST检测呈阳性。共有22名患者对粉尘螨属的EAST检测结果呈阳性。我们首次在德国记录到对弧形嗜卷叶螨、梅氏真厉螨和嗜虫食酪螨的致敏。相当一部分接受检测的德国农民对仓储螨致敏。各种螨类物种的变应性潜力已得到认可，有些是首次被认可。得出的结论是，特别是吉氏柏氏螨、家甜食螨、弧形嗜卷叶螨和学识钝绥螨应纳入变应性诊断。有必要进一步研究致敏的临床相关性以及螨类物种之间可能的交叉反应性。
