Youn H J, Noh J W
College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 441-744, Suweon, South Korea.
Vet Parasitol. 2001 Apr 19;96(4):257-63. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00385-5.
Ionophorous antibiotics have been popularly used in the treatment of avian coccidiosis. Tissue residue of these antibiotics may be found in poultry, we have sought safe alternative anticoccidial herbal materials for the control of avian coccidiosis. Efficacy of extracts from 15 different herbs, including Bupleurum chinese DC, Sophora flavescens Aiton, and Artemisia annua Linne was tested against Eimeria tenella. One-day-old broiler chicks were infected with a USDA reference book of E. tenella, and administered various herbal extracts. Survival rates, lesion scores, body weight gains, bloody diarrhea, and oocysts excretions were investigated at the first and the second week after infection. Bloody diarrhea in the S. flavescens and Sinomenium acutum treated groups was milder than that of the other infected groups. Survival rates in the groups treated with Ulmus macrocarpa (100%), Pulsatilla koreana, Torilis japonica, Artemisia asiatica and S. flavescens (90%) were higher than that of the infected control group (70%). Lesion scores in the groups treated with U. macrocarpa (1.40+/-1.14) or Pulsatilla koreana (1.60+/-1.82) were significantly lower than those of the infected control group (3.00+/-1.10). During the first week after infection, the weight gains in the groups treated with Quisqualis indica (232.9+/-43.5 g), S. flavescens (214.4+/-46.1 g) and S. acutum (211.3+/-29.4 g) were significantly higher than the infected control group (172.4+/-17.6 g). In conclusion, the data of the survival rates, bloody diarrhea symptoms, lesion scores, body weight gains and oocyst excretions indicate that the extract of S. flavescens was the most effective. P. koreana, S. acutum, U. macrocarpa and Q. indica were also effective. Further research on the above herbal materials will be carried out by the authors by chemical analysis of the extracts.
离子载体类抗生素一直广泛用于禽球虫病的治疗。这些抗生素可能会在禽类体内残留，因此我们一直在寻找安全的抗球虫草药替代品来控制禽球虫病。对包括柴胡、苦参和青蒿在内的15种不同草药的提取物针对柔嫩艾美耳球虫的疗效进行了测试。1日龄的肉鸡雏鸡感染了美国农业部的柔嫩艾美耳球虫参考毒株，并给予各种草药提取物。在感染后的第一周和第二周，对存活率、病变评分、体重增加、血便和卵囊排泄情况进行了调查。苦参和青风藤治疗组的血便比其他感染组轻。大果榆（100%）、朝鲜白头翁、日本窃衣、亚洲蒿和苦参（90%）治疗组的存活率高于感染对照组（70%）。大果榆（1.40±1.14）或朝鲜白头翁（1.60±1.82）治疗组的病变评分显著低于感染对照组（3.00±1.10）。在感染后的第一周，使君子（232.9±43.5克）、苦参（214.4±46.1克）和青风藤（211.3±29.4克）治疗组的体重增加显著高于感染对照组（172.4±17.6克）。总之，存活率、血便症状、病变评分、体重增加和卵囊排泄的数据表明，苦参提取物最有效。朝鲜白头翁、青风藤、大果榆和使君子也有效。作者将通过对提取物进行化学分析，对上述草药材料进行进一步研究。
