Drazen J M, Austen K F
J Appl Physiol. 1975 May;38(5):834-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1975.38.5.834.
The actions of histamine, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), Bradykinin, and prostaglandin F2alpha on pulmonary mechanics in the unanesthetized guinea pig were separated into direct and secondary cholinergic airway effects on the basis of alteration of their actions by atropine. The effects of SRS-A (500 and 3,000 units/kg) on compliance were not significantly altered by atropine, while the effects of bradykinin (3.0 and 30 mug/kg) on compliance were decreased only at 3.0 mug/kg by atropine. The effects of both of these agents on resistance were decreased by atropine, suggesting that SRS-A and bradykinin act directly on the peripheral airways and by secondary cholinergic mechanisms on both central and peripheral airways. The effects of histamine (3.0 mug/kg) on both compliance and resistance were abolished by atropine, suggesting an action mainly via cholinergic pathways; while at a higher dose, 9.0 mug/kg, there was both a direct and a cholinergic action. The effects observed 20 sec after the administration of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) were not altered by atropine suggesting a direct action on airways, while both the compliance and resistance changes observed 3-8 min after PGF2alpha were abolished by atropine suggesting that the latter effects were mediated solely by cholinergic mechanisms
基于阿托品对组胺、过敏反应慢反应物质（SRS-A）、缓激肽和前列腺素F2α在未麻醉豚鼠肺力学方面作用的改变，将它们的作用分为对气道的直接胆碱能作用和间接胆碱能作用。SRS-A（500和3000单位/千克）对顺应性的作用未被阿托品显著改变，而缓激肽（3.0和30微克/千克）对顺应性的作用仅在3.0微克/千克时被阿托品降低。这两种药物对阻力的作用均被阿托品降低，表明SRS-A和缓激肽直接作用于外周气道，并通过间接胆碱能机制作用于中央和外周气道。组胺（3.0微克/千克）对顺应性和阻力的作用均被阿托品消除，表明其主要通过胆碱能途径起作用；而在较高剂量9.0微克/千克时，则既有直接作用又有胆碱能作用。给予前列腺素F2α（PGF2α）20秒后观察到的作用未被阿托品改变，表明其对气道有直接作用，而PGF2α给药后3 - 八分钟观察到的顺应性和阻力变化均被阿托品消除，表明后者的作用仅由胆碱能机制介导
