Dynarowicz I
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 1979;27(3):351-63.
By determining glycogen synthetase activity, rate of 14C-glucose incorporation and glycogen levels, using pharmacologic agents which act on the alpha, beta M and N receptors, the influence of the autonomic system on synthesis of this polysaccharide in heart and skeletal muscle was analysed. The results indicate that the autonomic system is involved in intracellular autoregulation of glycogen synthetase activity through tissue receptors. Drugs which stimulate the cholinergic system depress this enzyme activity in the heart and skeletal muscle indirectly by releasing endogeneous catecholamines (nicotine-gangliconic effect) and also inhibit utilization of energetic ATP and phosphocreatinine reserves in the heart (muscarinic effect). Stimulation of the alpha-adrenergic receptor enhances glycogen anabolism in both types of muscles depending on the stimulatory influence of nonsterified sugers released in the process of glycogen hydrolysis and depression of cAMP level and presence of glucosteroids. Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors induces opposite changes. Analysis of the influence of pharmacologic agents that stimulate and inhibit decomposition and synthesis of glycogen showed that hydrolytic decomposition is probably one of the main processes of intracellular autoregulation of glycogen synthetase activity.
通过测定糖原合成酶活性、¹⁴C-葡萄糖掺入率和糖原水平，并使用作用于α、β M和N受体的药物，分析了自主神经系统对心脏和骨骼肌中这种多糖合成的影响。结果表明，自主神经系统通过组织受体参与糖原合成酶活性的细胞内自动调节。刺激胆碱能系统的药物通过释放内源性儿茶酚胺间接降低心脏和骨骼肌中的这种酶活性（尼古丁-神经节效应），并且还抑制心脏中高能ATP和磷酸肌酸储备的利用（毒蕈碱效应）。α-肾上腺素能受体的刺激根据糖原水解过程中释放的非酯化糖的刺激作用、cAMP水平的降低和糖皮质激素的存在，增强两种类型肌肉中的糖原合成代谢。β-肾上腺素能受体的刺激则引起相反的变化。对刺激和抑制糖原分解与合成的药物影响的分析表明，水解分解可能是糖原合成酶活性细胞内自动调节的主要过程之一。
