Jacobs D E, Hutchinson M J, Ryan W G
Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College (University of London), Hatfield, Herts, UK.
Med Vet Entomol. 2001 Mar;15(1):73-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00270.x.
Control strategies were evaluated over a 6-month period in a home simulation model comprising a series of similar carpeted pens, housing matched groups of six cats, in which the life-cycle of the flea Ctenocephalides felis felis Bouche (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) had been established. Additional adult fleas were placed on the cats at intervals to mimic acquisition of extraneous fleas from outside the home. Treatment strategies included a single subcutaneous deposition of injectable lufenuron supported by initial treatments with a short-acting insecticidal spray, or monthly topical applications of imidacloprid or fipronil. An untreated control group indicated that conditions were suitable for flea replication and development. Controls had to be combed on 18 occasions to remove excessive flea burdens and two developed allergic reactions. Lufenuron cats were combed once and required two insecticidal treatments in the first month to achieve control. Even so, small flea burdens were constantly present thereafter. Imidacloprid and fipronil treatments appeared to give virtually complete control throughout. Single fleas were found on imidacloprid cats on two occasions, whereas none were recovered from fipronil cats at any time after the first treatment. Tracer cats were used to monitor re-infestation rates at the end of the trial period. Small numbers of host-seeking fleas were demonstrated in all treatment pens, indicating that total eradication had not been accomplished. It is concluded that the home environment simulation model incorporating tracer animals could provide a powerful tool for studying flea population dynamics under controlled conditions but improved techniques are needed for quantifying other off-host life-cycle stages.
在一个家庭模拟模型中，对控制策略进行了为期6个月的评估。该模型由一系列类似的铺有地毯的围栏组成，每围栏饲养6只匹配的猫，猫栉首蚤指名亚种（蚤目：蚤科）的生命周期已在其中确立。每隔一段时间在猫身上放置额外的成年跳蚤，以模拟从家外获取外来跳蚤的情况。治疗策略包括单次皮下注射可注射的氟虫腈，并辅以短期杀虫喷雾的初始治疗，或每月局部应用吡虫啉或氟虫腈。一个未治疗的对照组表明条件适合跳蚤繁殖和发育。对照组必须梳理18次以去除过多的跳蚤负担，有两只出现了过敏反应。氟虫腈组的猫梳理了一次，在第一个月需要进行两次杀虫治疗以实现控制。即便如此，此后仍持续存在少量跳蚤负担。吡虫啉和氟虫腈治疗似乎在整个过程中都能实现几乎完全的控制。在吡虫啉组的猫身上有两次发现单只跳蚤，而在第一次治疗后的任何时候，氟虫腈组的猫身上都没有发现跳蚤。在试验期结束时，使用追踪猫来监测再感染率。在所有治疗围栏中都发现了少量寻找宿主的跳蚤，这表明尚未实现完全根除。得出的结论是，纳入追踪动物的家庭环境模拟模型可以为在受控条件下研究跳蚤种群动态提供一个强大的工具，但需要改进技术来量化其他非宿主生命周期阶段。
