Greasley P, Chiu L F, Gartland M
Wakefield and Pontefract Community Health NHS Trust, Fieldhead, Wakefield, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2001 Mar;33(5):629-37. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01695.x.
In this paper we aim to clarify the issue of spiritual care in the context of mental health nursing.
The concept of spirituality in nursing has received a great deal of attention in recent years. However, despite many articles addressed to the issue, spiritual care remains poorly understood amongst nursing professionals and, as a result, spiritual needs are often neglected within the context of health care.
A series of focus groups was conducted to obtain the views of service users, carers and mental health nursing professionals about the concept of spirituality and the provision of spiritual care in mental health nursing.
According to the views expressed in our focus groups, spiritual care relates to the acknowledgement of a person's sense of meaning and purpose to life which may, or may not, be expressed through formal religious beliefs and practices. The concept of spiritual care was also associated with the quality of interpersonal care in terms of the expression of love and compassion towards patients. Concerns were expressed that the ethos of mental health nursing and the atmosphere of care provision were becoming less personal, with increasing emphasis on the 'mechanics of nursing'.
The perceived failure of service providers to attend adequately to this component of care may be symptomatic of a medical culture in which the more readily observable and measurable elements in care practice have assumed a prominence over the more subjective, deeply personal components. In order for staff to acknowledge these issues it is argued that a more holistic approach to care should be adopted, which would entail multidisciplinary education in spiritual care.
在本文中，我们旨在阐明心理健康护理背景下的精神关怀问题。
近年来，护理领域中的精神性概念受到了广泛关注。然而，尽管有许多文章探讨了这一问题，但精神关怀在护理专业人员中仍未得到充分理解，因此，在医疗保健环境中，精神需求常常被忽视。
开展了一系列焦点小组讨论，以获取服务使用者、护理人员和心理健康护理专业人员对精神性概念以及心理健康护理中精神关怀提供情况的看法。
根据我们焦点小组讨论中表达的观点，精神关怀涉及承认一个人对生活的意义感和目标感，这种意义感和目标感可能通过正式的宗教信仰和实践来表达，也可能不通过这些来表达。精神关怀的概念还与人际关怀的质量相关，即对患者表达爱和同情。有人担心心理健康护理的理念和护理提供的氛围正变得越来越缺乏人情味，越来越强调“护理的机械操作”。
服务提供者在充分关注护理这一组成部分方面的明显不足，可能是一种医疗文化的症状，在这种文化中，护理实践中更容易观察和测量的要素比更主观、更个人化的要素更为突出。为了让工作人员认识到这些问题，有人认为应该采用更全面的护理方法，这将需要进行精神关怀方面的多学科教育。
