Noterdaeme M, Amorosa H, Mildenberger K, Sitter S, Minow F
Heckscher Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Abteilung für teilleistungs- und verhaltensgestörte Kinder, Wolfratshauser Strasse 350, 81479 München, Germany.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Mar;10(1):58-66. doi: 10.1007/s007870170048.
Children with autism and children with a specific language disorder show additional attention deficits. The literature on the neuropsychological investigation of attention in both groups of children suggests that the nature of their attention problems might be different. The purpose of this study is to examine the attention test profiles in these two groups of children with developmental disorders. Nineteen children and adolescents with autism, 17 subjects with a specific language disorder and 19 control subjects participated in the study. Non-verbal intelligence was normal for all subjects. The "Testbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprüfung" was administered to all subjects. This instrument provides the possibility to examine a wide range of attention functions and executive functions. The results showed that the autistic individuals had deficits in executive functions, whereas the language impaired children had deficits in auditory sustained attention, in auditory selective attention, and in the domain of executive functions. It is concluded that although both groups of developmentally impaired subjects showed attention problems, the deficits are not the same in both groups. The different neuropsychological profiles probably reflect different mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the attention deficits in both types of developmental disorders.
患有自闭症的儿童和患有特定语言障碍的儿童存在额外的注意力缺陷。关于这两组儿童注意力的神经心理学研究文献表明，他们注意力问题的性质可能有所不同。本研究的目的是考察这两组发育障碍儿童的注意力测试概况。19名患有自闭症的儿童和青少年、17名患有特定语言障碍的受试者以及19名对照受试者参与了该研究。所有受试者的非言语智力均正常。对所有受试者进行了“注意力测试套件”测试。该工具提供了考察广泛注意力功能和执行功能的可能性。结果表明，自闭症个体存在执行功能缺陷，而语言受损儿童在听觉持续注意力、听觉选择性注意力以及执行功能领域存在缺陷。得出的结论是，尽管两组发育受损受试者都表现出注意力问题，但两组的缺陷并不相同。不同的神经心理学概况可能反映了两种发育障碍中注意力缺陷发病机制的不同。
