Tononi G, Cirelli C
Neurosciences Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Arch Ital Biol. 2001 Apr;139(3):221-41.
A role for sleep in memory processes and neural plasticity has been suggested many times and in many different forms. However, we are far from a consensus on what this role might be and why it would be fulfilled preferentially by sleep. In this review, we distinguish between memory acquisition, consolidation, and maintenance, and we consider how sleep may specifically contribute to each of these phases. We also distinguish between declarative and nondeclarative memories and their relationships to different stages of sleep. Finally, we discuss whether different molecular and cellular aspects of neural plasticity may be associated preferentially with different behavioral states. A consideration of such molecular aspects could lead to more conclusive experiments concerning the relationship between sleep and plasticity.
睡眠在记忆过程和神经可塑性中的作用已被多次以多种不同形式提出。然而，对于这一作用可能是什么以及为何睡眠会优先发挥这一作用，我们远未达成共识。在本综述中，我们区分了记忆获取、巩固和维持，并思考睡眠如何可能具体地对这些阶段中的每一个做出贡献。我们还区分了陈述性记忆和非陈述性记忆以及它们与睡眠不同阶段的关系。最后，我们讨论神经可塑性的不同分子和细胞方面是否可能优先与不同的行为状态相关联。对这些分子方面的思考可能会带来关于睡眠与可塑性之间关系的更具结论性的实验。
