Mattisson I, Wirfält E, Gullberg B, Berglund G
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Orthopaedics, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jun;55(6):452-61. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601205.
To compare how three different energy adjustment approaches influence the ranking of individuals on fat intake, and to examine the relation between fat intake and socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle characteristics for each energy adjustment approach.
A cross-sectional analysis project, using a sub-sample (7055 women and 3240 men) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Dietary habits were assessed with an interview based diet history method. Fat intake was, depending on energy-adjustment method, defined as absolute intake (FATg), percentage energy from fat (FAT%), and residuals from total fat regressed on total energy (FATres). Cross-classification compared categorisation into fat intake quintiles. Logistic regression estimated, separately for each of the three approaches, the associations between high fat intake and socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle characteristics.
Agreement in individuals' ranking was high between FAT% and FATres, but FATg differed substantially from the others. Current smoking, low level of leisure time physical activity and low alcohol intakes were, in multivariate analysis, consistently associated with risk of high fat consumption regardless of energy adjustment method. However, the associations with socio-economic characteristics varied with energy adjustment method and gender groups.
The similarities between FAT% and FATres, in the ranking of individuals and in the association with lifestyle factors and socio-economic characteristics implies that it is possible to translate results obtained with FATres to recommendations using FAT%. The consistent lifestyle pattern across fat intake definitions (in energy adjusted models) may indicate that fat consumption is more strongly related to lifestyle factors than to socio-economic characteristics.
比较三种不同的能量调整方法如何影响个体在脂肪摄入量上的排名，并检验每种能量调整方法下脂肪摄入量与社会经济、人口统计学和生活方式特征之间的关系。
一项横断面分析项目，使用来自马尔默饮食与癌症研究的一个子样本（7055名女性和3240名男性）。通过基于访谈的饮食史方法评估饮食习惯。根据能量调整方法，脂肪摄入量定义为绝对摄入量（FATg）、来自脂肪的能量百分比（FAT%）以及总脂肪对总能量回归后的残差（FATres）。交叉分类比较了分为脂肪摄入量五分位数的分类情况。逻辑回归分别针对三种方法中的每一种，估计高脂肪摄入量与社会经济、人口统计学和生活方式特征之间的关联。
FAT%和FATres在个体排名上的一致性较高，但FATg与其他两者有很大差异。在多变量分析中，无论能量调整方法如何，当前吸烟、休闲时间身体活动水平低和酒精摄入量低都与高脂肪消费风险持续相关。然而，与社会经济特征的关联因能量调整方法和性别组而异。
FAT%和FATres在个体排名以及与生活方式因素和社会经济特征的关联方面的相似性意味着有可能将用FATres获得的结果转化为使用FAT%的建议。在脂肪摄入量定义（在能量调整模型中）中一致的生活方式模式可能表明脂肪消费与生活方式因素的关系比与社会经济特征的关系更强。
