El-Hamad I, Casalini C, Matteelli A, Casari S, Bugiani M, Caputo M, Bombana E, Scolari C, Moioli R, Scarcella C, Carosi G
Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Italy.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2001 Aug;5(8):712-6.
Practical or cost-effective strategies to identify undocumented immigrants with latent tuberculosis infection and to deliver treatment for latent TB infection are still unavailable.
To compare completion rates of screening procedures for TB infection and disease among undocumented immigrants at specialised (TB) and unspecialised health services in Italy.
A TB unit (TBU) and an unspecialised health service unit for migrants (MHCU) served as recruitment sites for recent undocumented immigrants from TB endemic areas. The screening included a symptom questionnaire, a tuberculin skin test and a chest X-ray.
Of 1318 eligible subjects, 1232 (93.4%) accepted the screening. Screening was completed by 993 (80.6%) individuals overall, 86.5% and 71.4% at the TBU and MHCU services, respectively. In a multivariate analysis model, the only variable associated with an increased probability of completing screening was being enrolled at the TBU site (OR 2.5, 95%CI 1.8-3.5; P < 0.001). Three hundred and ninety-two subjects (39.4%) had a TST test of > or = 10 mm. Eight cases of active tuberculosis were detected, with a calculated prevalence of disease of 650/100,000.
Undocumented immigrants to Italy can be screened for TB at an unspecialised health service unit, although not as efficiently as at a specialised TB unit.
目前仍缺乏实用或具有成本效益的策略来识别潜伏性结核感染的无证移民并为其提供潜伏性结核感染治疗。
比较意大利专门的（结核病）和非专门的医疗服务机构中无证移民的结核感染和疾病筛查程序完成率。
一个结核病单元（TBU）和一个针对移民的非专门医疗服务单元（MHCU）作为来自结核病流行地区的近期无证移民的招募地点。筛查包括症状问卷、结核菌素皮肤试验和胸部X光检查。
在1318名符合条件的受试者中，1232名（93.4%）接受了筛查。总体上993名（80.6%）个体完成了筛查，在TBU服务机构和MHCU服务机构分别为86.5%和71.4%。在多变量分析模型中，与完成筛查可能性增加相关的唯一变量是在TBU地点登记（比值比2.5，95%置信区间1.8 - 3.5；P < 0.001）。392名受试者（39.4%）结核菌素皮肤试验结果为≥10毫米。检测到8例活动性结核病病例，计算出的疾病患病率为650/100,000。
意大利的无证移民可以在非专门的医疗服务机构接受结核病筛查，尽管效率不如在专门的结核病单元。
