Petry N M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington 06030-3944, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2001 Aug;110(3):482-7. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.110.3.482.
Pathological gambling is classified as a disorder of impulse control, yet little research has evaluated behavioral indices of impulsivity in gamblers. The rates at which rewards delayed in time are subjectively devalued may be a behavioral marker of impulsivity. This study evaluated delay discounting in 60 pathological gamblers and 26 control participants. Gamblers were divided into those with (n = 21) and without (n = 39) substance use disorders. A hypothetical $1,000 reward was delayed at intervals ranging from 6 hr to 25 years, and immediate rewards varied from $1 to $999. Pathological gamblers discounted delayed rewards at higher rates than control participants, and gamblers with substance use disorders discounted delayed rewards at higher rates than non-substance-abusing gamblers. These data provide further evidence that rapid discounting of delayed rewards may be a feature central to impulse control and addictive disorders, including pathological gambling.
病理性赌博被归类为一种冲动控制障碍，但很少有研究评估赌博者冲动性的行为指标。随着时间延迟的奖励被主观贬值的速率可能是冲动性的行为标志。本研究评估了60名病理性赌博者和26名对照参与者的延迟折扣。赌博者被分为有（n = 21）和无（n = 39）物质使用障碍的两组。一个假设的1000美元奖励被延迟6小时至25年不等的时间间隔发放，即时奖励则从1美元到999美元不等。病理性赌博者对延迟奖励的折扣率高于对照参与者，有物质使用障碍的赌博者对延迟奖励的折扣率高于无物质滥用的赌博者。这些数据进一步证明，对延迟奖励的快速折扣可能是冲动控制和成瘾性障碍（包括病理性赌博）的核心特征。
