Gans H, Yasukawa L, Rinki M, DeHovitz R, Forghani B, Beeler J, Audet S, Maldonado Y, Arvin A M
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5208, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 1;184(7):817-26. doi: 10.1086/323346. Epub 2001 Aug 22.
Immunizing infants against measles at the youngest age possible has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality. The ability of infants at 6, 9, or 12 months to respond to measles and mumps vaccines was evaluated by measuring T cell proliferation, interferon-gamma production, and neutralizing antibody titers before and after vaccination. Infants in all age groups had equivalent cellular immune responses to measles or mumps viruses, with or without passive antibodies when immunized. In contrast, 6-month-old infants without passive antibodies had low geometric mean titers of antibody to measles or mumps viruses and low seroconversion rates. Geometric mean titers of antibody to measles virus increased if infants were revaccinated at 12 months. Six-month-old infants had limited humoral responses to paramyxovirus vaccines, whereas cellular immunity was equivalent to that of older infants. T cell responses can be established by immunization with these live attenuated virus vaccines during the first year, despite the presence of passive antibodies.
尽早为婴儿接种麻疹疫苗有可能降低发病率和死亡率。通过测量接种前后的T细胞增殖、γ干扰素产生和中和抗体滴度，评估了6、9或12月龄婴儿对麻疹和腮腺炎疫苗的反应能力。所有年龄组的婴儿在接种时，无论有无被动抗体，对麻疹或腮腺炎病毒都有同等的细胞免疫反应。相比之下，没有被动抗体的6月龄婴儿对麻疹或腮腺炎病毒的抗体几何平均滴度较低，血清转化率也较低。如果婴儿在12月龄时再次接种疫苗，麻疹病毒抗体的几何平均滴度会增加。6月龄婴儿对副粘病毒疫苗的体液反应有限，而细胞免疫与大龄婴儿相当。尽管存在被动抗体，但在出生后的第一年通过接种这些减毒活病毒疫苗可以建立T细胞反应。
