Zhuo L, Kimata K
Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
Cell Struct Funct. 2001 Aug;26(4):189-96. doi: 10.1247/csf.26.189.
Cumulus oophorus, an investing structure unique to oocytes of higher mammals, is induced to synthesize an extensive extracellular matrix by ovulatory stimulus, leading to the characteristic preovulatory expansion of the cumulus-oocyte complex. The extracellular matrix consists of cumulus cell-secreted hyaluronan, proteoglycans and proteins, as well as extrafollicularly originated SHAPs (serum-derived hyaluronan-associated proteins) that are bound covalently to hyaluronan. The secretion and assembly of matrix molecules by cumulus cells are temporally regulated by factors derived from both mural granulosa cells and oocyte, which synchronize the deposition of the cumulus oophorus matrix with other intrafollicular ovulatory events. The cumulus oophorus matrix is essential for ovulation and subsequent fertilization. Recently, taking advantage of animal models with defined genetic modifications, it has become possible to investigate in vivo the structure of the cumulus oophorus matrix, the regulatory mechanism for matrix deposition and its biological functions. This review focuses on the recent findings on the construction of the cumulus oophorus matrix and the regulation.
卵丘是高等哺乳动物卵母细胞特有的一种包裹结构，在排卵刺激下会被诱导合成大量细胞外基质，从而导致卵丘 - 卵母细胞复合体出现典型的排卵前膨胀。细胞外基质由卵丘细胞分泌的透明质酸、蛋白聚糖和蛋白质，以及与透明质酸共价结合的卵泡外源性SHAPs（血清衍生的透明质酸相关蛋白）组成。卵丘细胞对基质分子的分泌和组装在时间上受来自壁层颗粒细胞和卵母细胞的因子调控，这些因子使卵丘基质的沉积与卵泡内其他排卵事件同步。卵丘基质对排卵及后续受精至关重要。最近，利用具有特定基因修饰的动物模型，已能够在体内研究卵丘基质的结构、基质沉积的调控机制及其生物学功能。本综述重点关注卵丘基质构建及调控方面的最新研究发现。
