Chen H C, Shu H
Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2001 Sep;8(3):511-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03196186.
In two primed-naming experiments involving Chinese character recognition, one with native Mandarin-speaking subjects and another with native Cantonese-speaking subjects, we varied both the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) and the prime-target similarity along various lexical dimensions. Across both experiments, the results were as follows: (1) Relatively strong and reliable semantic priming appeared very early across various SOAs, and its onset was not affected by meaning precision, (2) either homophonic priming had negligible effects on target naming or the effects appeared relatively late (only at 57 msec), and (3) graphic inhibition was found across different SOAs. Since the same set of stimuli and procedure were adopted as those in the study of Perfetti and Tan (1998), the present findings raise questions about the reliability and validity of the results from their study that have been used to support the notion that phonology is a constitutive element of character recognition and precedes meaning access in the identification process. Instead, the present results suggest that phonology is optional for accessing meaning in Chinese character recognition among skilled adult readers.
在两项涉及汉字识别的启动-命名实验中，一项实验的受试者为说普通话的母语者，另一项实验的受试者为说粤语的母语者，我们在不同的词汇维度上改变了刺激呈现间隔（SOA）和启动项-目标项的相似性。在这两项实验中，结果如下：（1）相对较强且可靠的语义启动在不同的SOA下很早就出现了，并且其出现不受语义精确性的影响；（2）要么同音启动对目标命名的影响可以忽略不计，要么这种影响出现得相对较晚（仅在57毫秒时出现）；（3）在不同的SOA下都发现了字形抑制。由于本研究采用了与佩费蒂和谭（1998年）的研究相同的刺激集和程序，因此本研究结果对他们的研究结果的可靠性和有效性提出了质疑，他们的研究结果被用来支持语音是汉字识别的一个构成要素且在识别过程中先于语义通达这一观点。相反，本研究结果表明，对于熟练的成年读者来说，在汉字识别中通达语义时语音并非必需。
