Dittmann E, Neilan B A, Börner T
Institute for Biology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Nov;57(4):467-73. doi: 10.1007/s002530100810.
Cyanobacteria produce numerous and structurally diverse secondary metabolites, in particular nonribosomal peptide and polyketide structures. Various bioactivities could be assigned to these compounds, and some may prove useful either for development into commercial drugs or as biochemical research tools. Microcystin, a worldwide common cyanobacterial hepatotoxin, was the first metabolite whose nonribosomal biosynthesis could be confirmed by knock-out mutagenesis. The microcystin synthetase complex consists of peptide synthetases, polyketide synthases, and hybrid enzymes, and reveals a number of novel enzymatic features, signifying the potential of cyanobacterial biosynthetic systems for combinatorial biochemistry. Recent studies have shown the presence of peptide synthetase genes and polyketide synthase genes within a number of cyanobacterial genomes. This knowledge may be very valuable for future screening projects aimed at the detection of new bioactive compounds.
蓝细菌能产生大量结构多样的次生代谢产物，尤其是非核糖体肽和聚酮化合物结构。这些化合物具有多种生物活性，其中一些可能被证明对开发商业药物或作为生化研究工具有用。微囊藻毒素是一种全球常见的蓝细菌肝毒素，它是首个其非核糖体生物合成可通过基因敲除诱变得到证实的代谢产物。微囊藻毒素合成酶复合体由肽合成酶、聚酮合成酶和杂合酶组成，并展现出许多新颖的酶学特性，这表明蓝细菌生物合成系统在组合生物化学方面具有潜力。最近的研究表明，许多蓝细菌基因组中存在肽合成酶基因和聚酮合成酶基因。这一知识对于未来旨在检测新生物活性化合物的筛选项目可能非常有价值。
