Baum A, Greenberg C I
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1975 Oct;32(4):671-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.32.4.671.
An experiment was conducted in which subjects were convinced that crowding was imminent. It was hypothesized that the arousal of expectations of crowding would cause subjects to behave in ways suggesting that they were preparing for the experience of crowding by taking steps to reduce the impact of crowding before its onset. Similarly, it was predicted that anticipation of crowding would influence subject perceptions of the experimental room, interpersonal affect, and general levels of discomfort. Data collected indicated that these predictions were accurate; subjects anticipating crowding chose more socially isolated seat positions, avoided contact with others, experienced crowding and discomfort, and rated others in the setting as well as the room in ways generally consistent with definitions of crowding.
进行了一项实验，让受试者相信拥挤即将发生。假设对拥挤的预期唤起会使受试者采取一些行为，表明他们在通过采取措施在拥挤开始前减轻其影响，为拥挤体验做准备。同样，预计对拥挤的预期会影响受试者对实验房间的感知、人际情感以及总体不适程度。收集到的数据表明这些预测是准确的；预期会拥挤的受试者选择了更具社交隔离性的座位位置，避免与他人接触，体验到拥挤和不适，并以与拥挤定义总体一致的方式对环境中的其他人以及房间进行评价。
