Gasper Karen, Clore Gerald L
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2002 Jan;13(1):34-40. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00406.
Two experiments employed image-based tasks to test the hypothesis that happier moods promote a greater focus on the forest and sadder moods a greater focus on the trees. The hypothesis was based on the idea that in task situations, affective cues may be experienced as task-relevant information, which then influences global versus local attention. Using a serial-reproduction paradigm, Experiment 1 showed that individuals in sad moods were less likely than those in happier moods to use an accessible global concept to guide attempts to reproduce a drawing from memory. Experiment 2 investigated the same hypothesis by assessing the use of global and local attributes to classify geometricfigures. As predicted, individuals in sad moods were less likely than those in happier moods to classify figures on the basis of globalfeatures.
更愉悦的情绪会促使人们更关注整体，而更悲伤的情绪会促使人们更关注局部。该假设基于这样一种观点，即在任务情境中，情感线索可能会被视为与任务相关的信息，进而影响整体与局部的注意力。实验1使用连续再现范式，结果表明，与处于愉悦情绪中的个体相比，处于悲伤情绪中的个体更不太可能使用可得的整体概念来指导从记忆中再现一幅画的尝试。实验2通过评估使用整体和局部属性对几何图形进行分类来研究同一假设。正如预测的那样，与处于愉悦情绪中的个体相比，处于悲伤情绪中的个体更不太可能基于整体特征对图形进行分类。
