Maxillomandibular Advancement (MMA) in a Site-Specific Treatment Approach for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Surgical Algorithm.

Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) is the most successful acceptable surgical treatment, excluding tracheostomy, for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Nevertheless, the indications for and staging of MMA, with respect to the many procedures available, are unsettled and often limited to severe OSAS, dentocraniofacial deformities, and when other surgeries have failed. An algorithm is presented that defines the indications for MMA in an expanded role, based on a site-specific approach, according to proposed principles that include general goals and guidelines for governing the surgical treatment of OSAS.