Nguyen Nhu Lam, Gun Richard T, Sparnon Anthony L, Ryan Philip
National Burn Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Burns. 2002 Mar;28(2):167-72. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(01)00079-1.
The success of treatment of childhood burns is critically dependent on how well the initial management is performed. In this case series of 695 children with burns transferred to the National Burn Institute (NBI) in Hanoi from peripheral hospitals, the initial management of each patient was assessed for the following initial management measures: removal of the cause and immediate cooling with water at the accident site; and pain relief, dry dressing, administration of oxygen, and adequate fluid replacement at the peripheral hospital. Overall, 61 of the 695 children died, but of the 95 patients who received all of these initial management measures, all survived. There were no cases of irreversible shock, acute renal failure, or multiple organ failure in the patients who received adequate initial management. Provision of adequate initial management was also significantly protective against septicaemia. Thus in this group of subjects who survived until admission, effective initial management significantly reduced the risk of death and other complications such as irreversible shock, septicaemia and multiple organ failure.
儿童烧伤治疗的成功与否严重依赖于初始处理的执行情况。在这个从周边医院转至河内国家烧伤研究所（NBI）的695例儿童烧伤病例系列中，针对每位患者的初始处理评估了以下初始处理措施：在事故现场去除致伤原因并立即用水冷却；以及在周边医院进行止痛、干敷料包扎、给氧和充足的液体补充。总体而言，695例儿童中有61例死亡，但在接受了所有这些初始处理措施的95例患者中，全部存活。接受了充分初始处理的患者中没有出现不可逆休克、急性肾衰竭或多器官功能衰竭的病例。充分的初始处理对败血症也有显著的预防作用。因此，在这组存活至入院的受试者中，有效的初始处理显著降低了死亡风险以及其他并发症的风险，如不可逆休克、败血症和多器官功能衰竭。
