Dé Tran Q H, Guay E, Chartier S, Tousignant J
Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Campus Notre-Dame, 1560 Sherbrooke East, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2L 4M1.
J Cutan Med Surg. 2001 Jul-Aug;5(4):329-35. doi: 10.1007/s102270000022. Epub 2001 May 2.
Tacrolimus (FK 506), a metabolite of the fungus Streptomyces tsukubaensis, is an anti-T-cell drug. It acts by inhibiting the production of IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, TNFa, and GM-CSF. More potent and with slightly less secondary effects than cyclosporine, it has been the object of considerable interest, especially in conditions that could benefit from the latter.
In psoriasis, a placebo-controlled double-blind study has shown oral tacrolimus at 0.1 mg/kg/day to be effective in controlling recalcitrant lesions. In human, small studies have reported tacrolimus ointment to be effective in controlling acute contact dermatitis. Short-term trials of topical tacrolimus in the treatment of atopic dermatitis have recently shown excellent results in both adults and children. In animal studies of hair growth disorders, topical tacrolimus induces anagen and protects from chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Animal studies with the ointment for the prevention of skin graft rejection, lupus dermatoses, and skin papilloma formation have also shown to be promising.
There are case reports of pyoderma gangrenosum, Sezary's syndrome, and Behcet's disease successfully treated with oral tacrolimus but, because of their small number, they remain anecdotal at this point.
他克莫司（FK 506）是筑波链霉菌的一种代谢产物，是一种抗T细胞药物。它通过抑制白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-3、白细胞介素-4、肿瘤坏死因子α和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子的产生来发挥作用。与环孢素相比，它效力更强且副作用稍少，一直备受关注，尤其是在可能受益于环孢素的病症中。
在银屑病中，一项安慰剂对照双盲研究表明，0.1毫克/千克/天的口服他克莫司对控制顽固性皮损有效。在人体中，小型研究报告称他克莫司软膏对控制急性接触性皮炎有效。局部应用他克莫司治疗特应性皮炎的短期试验最近在成人和儿童中均显示出优异结果。在毛发疾病的动物研究中，局部应用他克莫司可诱导毛发生长初期并预防化疗引起的脱发。用该软膏预防皮肤移植排斥、狼疮性皮肤病和皮肤乳头瘤形成的动物研究也显示出前景。
有口服他克莫司成功治疗坏疽性脓皮病、塞扎里综合征和白塞病的病例报告，但由于病例数量少，目前仍属轶事。
