Bates Marsha E, Labouvie Erich W, Voelbel Gerald T
Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-8001, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2002 Mar;16(1):35-46. doi: 10.1037//0893-164x.16.1.35.
The latent structure of neuropsychological abilities and risk factors for impairment were examined in 197 persons entering addictions treatment. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded 4 factors: Executive, Memory, Verbal, and Processing Speed. The measurement model was consistent with evidence that neuropsychological test performance is factorially complex and supported by multiple brain regions. Path analyses showed that risk factors explained 34%-57% of the true variance in abilities. Age, education, and medical status had the most generalized and robust associations with abilities. Drug use disorder diagnoses, childhood behavior problems, familial alcoholism, and psychopathology were also significantly related to specific latent abilities. Knowledge of neuropsychological impairment may be clinically useful, and selected risk factors may help treatment providers decide which clients should receive formal neuropsychological assessment.
对197名接受成瘾治疗的人员的神经心理能力潜在结构和损伤风险因素进行了检查。验证性因素分析得出4个因素：执行功能、记忆、语言和处理速度。测量模型与神经心理测试表现具有因子复杂性且由多个脑区支持的证据一致。路径分析表明，风险因素解释了能力真实方差的34%-57%。年龄、教育程度和医疗状况与能力的关联最为普遍和稳健。药物使用障碍诊断、儿童行为问题、家族性酗酒和精神病理学也与特定潜在能力显著相关。了解神经心理损伤可能在临床上有用，选定的风险因素可能有助于治疗提供者决定哪些客户应接受正式的神经心理评估。
