Smetana Judith G, Daddis Christopher
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Child Dev. 2002 Mar-Apr;73(2):563-80. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00424.
This research examined the effects of domain-differentiated beliefs about legitimate parental authority and ratings of restrictive parental control on adolescent- and mother-reported psychological and behavioral control. The influence of parenting beliefs and practices regarding socially regulated (moral and conventional) and ambiguously personal (multifaceted and personal) issues was examined in 93 middle-class African American early adolescents (M = 13.11 years, SD = 1.29) and their mothers, who were followed longitudinally for 2 years. Domain-specific parenting beliefs and ratings predicted adolescent-reported maternal psychological control and parental monitoring, but the nature and direction of the relations differed. Adolescents who rated parents as more restrictive in their control of personal issues and who believed that parents should have less legitimate authority over these issues rated their mothers as higher in psychological control. In contrast, more adolescent-reported parental monitoring was associated with gender (being female) and adolescents' beliefs that parents have more legitimate authority to regulate personal issues. As expected, adolescent age and gender influenced mother-reported monitoring and psychological control; in addition, the effects of mothers' ratings of restrictive control on both psychological control and monitoring were moderated by gender. The results indicate that psychological control and monitoring can be understood in terms of the particular behaviors that are controlled, as well as the style in which control is exercised.
本研究考察了关于合法父母权威的领域分化信念以及限制性父母控制评分对青少年和母亲报告的心理与行为控制的影响。在93名非洲裔美国中产阶级青少年早期个体（平均年龄M = 13.11岁，标准差SD = 1.29）及其母亲中，研究了父母教养信念和行为在社会规范（道德和常规）及模糊的个人（多方面和个人）问题上的影响，对其进行了为期2年的纵向跟踪。特定领域的父母教养信念和评分预测了青少年报告的母亲心理控制和父母监控，但关系的性质和方向有所不同。那些认为父母对个人问题控制更具限制性，且认为父母在这些问题上应拥有较少合法权威的青少年，将其母亲的心理控制评分更高。相比之下，更多青少年报告的父母监控与性别（女性）以及青少年认为父母在规范个人问题上拥有更多合法权威的信念相关。正如预期的那样，青少年的年龄和性别影响了母亲报告的监控和心理控制；此外，母亲的限制性控制评分对心理控制和监控的影响受到性别的调节。结果表明，心理控制和监控可以根据所控制的特定行为以及实施控制的方式来理解。
