60岁之后的抑制性变化及其与注意力和记忆力指标的关系。
Inhibitory changes after age 60 and their relationship to measures of attention and memory.
作者信息
Persad Carol C, Abeles Norman, Zacks Rose T, Denburg Natalie L
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0840, USA.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2002 May;57(3):P223-32. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.3.p223.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between age and inhibitory functioning within a sample of older adults ranging in age from 60 to 85 years old. On the basis of earlier research, and confirmed by factor analysis, measures typically referred to as frontal lobe tasks were used as measures of inhibitory functioning. Findings demonstrated that inhibitory processes continued to decline with advancing age within the older sample. In addition, the role of inhibition in age-related performance deficits on a verbal list learning measure and an attention measure was examined. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that inhibition accounted for a significant proportion of the age-related variance on the two cognitive measures, whereas measures of reading speed accounted for a smaller proportion of the variance. In addition, when inhibition was first covaried out, reading speed no longer accounted for a significant proportion of the age-related variance. It is argued that inhibition is an important contributor to age-related performance decrements in cognition.
摘要
本研究在年龄范围为60至85岁的老年人样本中，考察了年龄与抑制功能之间的关系。基于早期研究，并经因素分析确认，通常被称为额叶任务的测量方法被用作抑制功能的测量指标。研究结果表明，在老年样本中，抑制过程随着年龄的增长持续下降。此外，还考察了抑制在言语列表学习测量和注意力测量中与年龄相关的表现缺陷中的作用。分层回归分析表明，抑制在这两项认知测量中占与年龄相关方差的很大比例，而阅读速度测量占方差的比例较小。此外，当首先将抑制因素排除后，阅读速度不再占与年龄相关方差的很大比例。有人认为，抑制是导致与年龄相关的认知表现下降的一个重要因素。
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