Thomas Stuart M, DiCosimo Robert, Nagarajan Vasantha
DuPont, Central Research and Development, DuPont Experimental Station, PO Box 80328, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2002 Jun;20(6):238-42. doi: 10.1016/s0167-7799(02)01935-2.
The chemical industry is exploring the use of renewable feed stocks to improve sustainability, prompting the exploration of bioprocesses for the production of chemicals. Attractive features of biological systems include versatility, substrate selectivity, regioselectivity, chemoselectivity, enantioselectivity and catalysis at ambient temperatures and pressures. However, a challenge facing bioprocesses is cost competitiveness with chemical processes because capital assets associated with the existing commercial processes are high. The chemical industry will probably use biotechnology with existing feed stocks and processes to extract higher values from feed stocks, process by-products and waste streams. In this decade, bioprocesses that offer either a process or a product advantage over traditional chemical routes will become more widely used.
化学工业正在探索使用可再生原料以提高可持续性，这促使人们探索用于化学品生产的生物工艺。生物系统的吸引人之处包括多功能性、底物选择性、区域选择性、化学选择性、对映选择性以及在常温常压下的催化作用。然而，生物工艺面临的一个挑战是与化学工艺相比成本缺乏竞争力，因为与现有商业工艺相关的资本资产很高。化学工业可能会将生物技术与现有的原料和工艺相结合，以从原料、工艺副产品和废物流中提取更高的价值。在这十年中，相对于传统化学路线具有工艺或产品优势的生物工艺将得到更广泛的应用。
