Nurminen Eija, Malmivaara Antti, Ilmarinen Juhani, Ylöstalo Pekka, Mutanen Pertti, Ahonen Guy, Aro Timo
Department of Occupational Health Care, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2002 Apr;28(2):85-93. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.652.
This multicentered randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of worksite exercise intervention on perceived work ability and sick leaves.
Women (N = 260, mean age 40 years) engaged in physically demanding laundry work were individually randomized into an intervention (N = 133) or control (N = 127) group. Perceived work ability was assessed with questionnaires at 3, 8, 12, and 15 months. Sick leave information was obtained from the personnel administration. Follow-up attendance was 100% at 3 months but declined gradually to 90% by 15 months. Both the intervention and control subjects received a 30-minute feedback on their physical capacity from a physiotherapist and individual exercise prescription and counseling. The intervention subjects also participated in worksite exercise training guided by a physiotherapist. Sixty-minute sessions (N = 26) were held once a week for 8 months. About 50% of the intervention group participated in at least two-thirds of the sessions.
According to a dichotomized work ability index, at 12 months, workers with "good" or "excellent" work ability increased more in the intervention group than in the control group (11.0%, 95% CI 0.2-21.9), as did the health-related prognosis of work ability at 8 months (8.1%, 95% CI 0.5-16.3). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups as regards job satisfaction, work ability index (including series of questions on 7 items), or sick leaves.
Physical activity once a week at worksites improves the perceived work ability of women with physically demanding work only slightly. Perceived work ability and sick leaves cannot be affected very positively using single-component exercise intervention. Work ability promotion may need a more multiprofessional approach.
这项多中心随机对照试验评估了工作场所运动干预对工作能力感知和病假的影响。
从事体力要求较高的洗衣工作的女性（N = 260，平均年龄40岁）被随机分为干预组（N = 133）或对照组（N = 127）。在3、8、12和15个月时通过问卷调查评估工作能力感知。病假信息从人事管理部门获取。3个月时随访出勤率为100%，但到15个月时逐渐降至90%。干预组和对照组受试者均接受了物理治疗师关于其身体能力的30分钟反馈、个性化运动处方和咨询。干预组受试者还参加了由物理治疗师指导的工作场所运动训练。每周进行一次60分钟的课程（N = 26），共8个月。干预组约50%的受试者参加了至少三分之二的课程。
根据二分法工作能力指数，在12个月时，干预组中工作能力为“良好”或“优秀”的工人增加比例高于对照组（11.0%，95%可信区间0.2 - 21.9），8个月时工作能力的健康相关预后也是如此（8.1%，95%可信区间0.5 - 16.3）。两组在工作满意度、工作能力指数（包括一系列关于7个项目的问题）或病假方面没有统计学上的显著差异。
工作场所每周一次的体育活动仅略微提高了从事体力要求较高工作的女性的工作能力感知。使用单组分运动干预不能非常积极地影响工作能力感知和病假。促进工作能力可能需要更具多专业性质的方法。
