Niesen M, Roggendorf M, Schneweis K E, Weitzel H, Wolff M H
Immun Infekt. 1975 Dec;3(6):264-8.
The sera of 327 patients were investigated for rubella specific IgA after separation of the IgM fraction by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. 1. In 96 out of 137 cases suspicious of clinical rubella, where the time for demonstration of a significant rise of the antibody titer had been missed, the demonstration of rubella specific IgM confirmed the diagnosis of German measles. This demonstration was still possible in 9 out of 10 cases 5 to 7 weeks after the onset of the disease, but in only 2 out 7 cases 8 to 15 weeks after the onset of the disease. 2. In 48 patients who had contact with patients with German measles but did not develop any symptoms, a primary infection could not be excluded by the examination of the whole serum. In 5 out of them rubella specific IgM indicted a recent rubella infection. 3. Rubella specific IgM could not be demonstrated in 47 patients who had high antibody titers but no other hints for a recent rubella infection. 4. In 89 newborns, the investigation was prompted, when elevated IgM levels were found in umbilical cord blood, or when the newborn was sick, or when a rubella infection of the mother was suspected or proven. Rubella infection of the newborn was confirmed by rubella specific IgM only if the mother had contracted German measles during the first trimester of the pregnancy (6 out of 7 cases). The diagnosis of primary rubella infection during pregnancy is proven only if 2 out the fose in antibody titer, demonstration of rubella specific IgM.
通过蔗糖密度梯度离心法分离IgM组分后，对327例患者的血清进行了风疹特异性IgA检测。1. 在137例临床疑似风疹的病例中，有96例错过了显示抗体滴度显著升高的检测时间，风疹特异性IgM的检测证实了风疹的诊断。在疾病发作后5至7周的10例病例中，仍有9例能够检测到风疹特异性IgM，但在疾病发作后8至15周的7例病例中，只有2例能够检测到。2. 在48例与风疹患者接触但未出现任何症状的患者中，检测全血清无法排除原发性感染。其中5例风疹特异性IgM表明近期有风疹感染。3. 在47例抗体滴度高但无近期风疹感染其他迹象的患者中，未检测到风疹特异性IgM。4. 在89例新生儿中，当脐带血中IgM水平升高、新生儿患病、或怀疑或证实母亲有风疹感染时，进行了检测。仅当母亲在妊娠头三个月感染风疹时（7例中的6例），风疹特异性IgM才能确诊新生儿风疹感染。仅当抗体滴度升高两倍、检测到风疹特异性IgM时，才能证实妊娠期原发性风疹感染的诊断。
