Could a herpesvirus be the cause of Kawasaki disease?

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of early childhood, the cause of which remains unknown. Many lines of evidence suggest an infectious aetiology, which may-in association with host genetic factors-lead to the characteristic clinical presentation of this disease. Accumulating data including animal models and epidemiological and immunological studies, suggest that viruses have an important role in human vasculitic disease. Whereas many infectious agents including viruses have been postulated as possible causes of KD, no single agent has been shown definitely to be associated with this disease and the causative agent remains elusive. We hypothesise that a ubiquitous virus of the gamma herpesvirus family is the likely aetiological agent for KD in genetically susceptible individuals.