补饲对群饲断奶仔猪个体采食量特征及生产性能的影响。
Effect of creep feed consumption on individual feed intake characteristics and performance of group-housed weanling pigs.
作者信息
Bruininx E M A M, Binnendijk G P, van der Peet-Schwering C M C, Schrama J W, den Hartog L A, Everts H, Beynen A C
机构信息
Research Institute for Animal Husbandry, AD Lelystad, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Anim Sci. 2002 Jun;80(6):1413-8. doi: 10.2527/2002.8061413x.
To assess the effects of creep feed consumption on individual feed intake characteristics and performance of group-housed weaned pigs, 16 litters (149 piglets) were fed a commercial creep feed (3,040 kcal NE/kg, 15.2 g lysine/kg) supplemented with 1% chromic oxide. Another five litters (48 piglets) were not given access to creep feed (no-feed). Piglets were weaned at 28 d after birth. On d 18, 22, and 27 of age, fecal samples from all the piglets were taken using fecal loops. A green color of the feces indicated that the piglet had eaten creep feed. Piglets that had green-colored feces three times were considered as eaters. Piglets that never showed green-colored feces were considered as non-eaters. At weaning 22 piglets of each type (no-feed, non-eaters, and eaters) were selected based on BW, litter origin, and sex. These 66 pigs were assigned to six pens equipped with computerized feeding stations. Eaters, non-eaters, and no-feed pigs were equally divided over all six pens. After weaning a prestarter (d 0 to 13) and a starter diet (d 14 to 34) were offered for ad libitum consumption. The individual feed intake characteristics of latency time (interval between weaning and first feed intake) and initial feed intake (intake during the first 24 h following first feed intake) and performance traits were determined for all piglets. The pigs that were designated as eaters needed less time between weaning and first feed intake than the pigs that were designated as non-eaters and no-feed pigs (P = 0.04 and P = 0.06, respectively). Initial feed intake was not affected (P > 0.1) by feed intake prior to weaning. However, during d 0 to 8 the eaters had more visits per day during which feed was consumed than both the non-eaters and no-feed pigs. Averaged over the first 8 d after weaning, the ADFI and ADG of the eaters were higher than that of the non-eaters and no-feed pigs (P < 0.05). Averaged over the total 34-d period the effect of creep feed intake on postweaning ADFI was much less pronounced (P = 0.20), whereas ADG of the eaters was the highest (P < 0.05). Creep feed intake during the sucking period stimulates early postweaning feed intake as well as postweaning performance.
为评估补饲对群饲断奶仔猪个体采食量特征及生产性能的影响，选取16窝（149头仔猪），饲喂添加1%氧化铬的市售补饲（消化能3,040 kcal/kg，赖氨酸15.2 g/kg）。另外5窝（48头仔猪）不提供补饲（无补饲组）。仔猪于出生后28天断奶。在18日龄、22日龄和27日龄时，用粪便环采集所有仔猪的粪便样本。粪便呈绿色表明仔猪采食了补饲。粪便三次呈绿色的仔猪被视为采食者。粪便从未呈绿色的仔猪被视为非采食者。断奶时，根据体重、窝别来源和性别，从每种类型（无补饲组、非采食者和采食者）中各选取了22头仔猪。这66头猪被分配到六个配备计算机化饲喂站的猪栏中。采食者、非采食者和无补饲组的猪在所有六个猪栏中平均分配。断奶后提供开食料（第0至13天）和仔猪料（第14至34天），任其自由采食。测定了所有仔猪的采食潜伏期（断奶至首次采食的间隔时间）、初始采食量（首次采食后24小时内的采食量）等个体采食量特征以及生产性能指标。被认定为采食者的仔猪断奶至首次采食的时间比被认定为非采食者和无补饲组的仔猪短（分别为P = 0.04和P = 0.06）。断奶前的采食量对初始采食量没有影响（P > 0.1）。然而，在第0至8天期间，采食者每天采食次数比非采食者和无补饲组更多。断奶后前8天平均计算，采食者的平均日采食量（ADFI）和平均日增重（ADG）高于非采食者和无补饲组（P < 0.05）。在整个34天期间平均计算补饲采食量对断奶后ADFI的影响不太明显（P = 0.20），而采食者组的ADG最高（P < 0.05）。哺乳期补饲采食量可促进断奶后早期采食量及断奶后生产性能。
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