Pickrell J A, Oehme F W
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-5705, USA.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002 Feb;21(2):107-9; discussion 113-4. doi: 10.1191/0960327102ht221oa.
Calabrese and Baldwin have proposed the Theory of Hormesis to explain a variety of disparate data. We evaluated the explanation using examples of pulmonary injury, radiation injury to white blood cells and selenium as an essential element, reducer of carcinogenesis and a potential toxicant. Calabrese and Baldwin have fulfilled many of the criteria allowing generalizability of their theory. They have gathered data extensively. These data were logically consistent with their experiences. They needed to examine critically the theory and any theories competing with it. At this point, each theory must be proved, disproved or its limitations clearly stated. It is in this phase that most work is still being accomplished. This examination is important because it provides referents for vigorous outside criticism, the final phase. Calabrese and Baldwin are to be complimented on seeking outside comment. Considerable refinement of the theory has taken place with time.
卡拉布雷斯和鲍德温提出了兴奋效应理论来解释各种不同的数据。我们以肺损伤、白细胞辐射损伤以及作为必需元素、致癌作用抑制剂和潜在毒物的硒为例来评估这一解释。卡拉布雷斯和鲍德温已经满足了许多使其理论具有普遍性的标准。他们广泛收集了数据。这些数据在逻辑上与他们的经验一致。他们需要严格审视该理论以及与之竞争的任何理论。在这一点上，每个理论都必须得到证明、证伪或明确说明其局限性。正是在这个阶段，大部分工作仍在进行。这种审视很重要，因为它为激烈的外部批评（最后阶段）提供了参考依据。卡拉布雷斯和鲍德温寻求外部意见值得称赞。随着时间的推移，该理论已经有了相当大的完善。
