Simpson Edith M, Moll Elisa K, Kassam-Adams Nancy, Miller Gwenyth J, Winston Flaura K
Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Pediatrics. 2002 Oct;110(4):729-36. doi: 10.1542/peds.110.4.729.
Children who have outgrown child safety seats and been placed in adult seat belts are at increased risk for injury. Pediatricians and other advocates have been called on to encourage booster seat use in these children. The objective of this study was to identify barriers to booster seat use and strategies to increase their use.
A qualitative study consisting of focus groups and follow-up in-depth discussions were conducted among parents and/or children to elicit barriers and strategies to appropriate/best practice child restraint system use. Phase I focus groups (parents and children) identified barriers to booster seat use along with children's self-reported likes and dislikes about booster seats. Phase II focus groups (parents only) identified additional barriers to booster seat use and suggestions for strategies to increase the use of booster seats. In-depth telephone discussions (parents only) were conducted after each phase of focus groups to identify new themes and to explore further previously emerged topics that were not conducive to probing in focus group settings.
This study demonstrated that although knowledge of the benefits and purpose of booster seats is an important issue in promoting booster seat use, it is not the only issue. In particular, differences in risk perception, awareness/knowledge, and parenting style were noted when comparing parents of children in booster seats with those whose children were in seat belts. Media campaigns, improved laws, parenting education, and extending the use of child restraints to older ages were among the strategies suggested by parents to increase booster seat use.
Anticipatory guidance regarding booster seats may be new for many pediatricians. This article arms pediatricians with insights from parents about their perceptions regarding booster seats and how parents think that the booster seat message can be most effectively delivered. Furthermore, it gives insight into how parents make safety decisions for their children and the important role of children in this decision-making process.
已不再适用儿童安全座椅而改用成人安全带的儿童受伤风险增加。儿科医生和其他倡导者被呼吁鼓励这些儿童使用增高座椅。本研究的目的是确定增高座椅使用的障碍以及增加其使用的策略。
开展了一项定性研究，包括对家长和/或儿童进行焦点小组讨论及后续深入讨论，以找出儿童约束系统正确/最佳使用的障碍和策略。第一阶段焦点小组（家长和儿童）确定了增高座椅使用的障碍以及儿童自我报告的对增高座椅的喜好和厌恶。第二阶段焦点小组（仅家长）确定了增高座椅使用的其他障碍以及增加增高座椅使用策略的建议。在每个焦点小组阶段之后进行了深入电话讨论（仅家长参与），以确定新主题并进一步探讨之前出现但在焦点小组环境中不利于深入探究的主题。
本研究表明，尽管了解增高座椅的益处和目的在促进增高座椅使用方面是一个重要问题，但并非唯一问题。特别是，将使用增高座椅儿童的家长与使用安全带儿童的家长进行比较时，发现了风险认知、意识/知识和育儿方式方面的差异。家长提出的增加增高座椅使用的策略包括媒体宣传活动、完善法律、育儿教育以及将儿童约束装置的使用年龄延长至更大年龄段。
对于许多儿科医生来说，关于增高座椅的预期指导可能是新内容。本文为儿科医生提供了家长对增高座椅看法的见解，以及家长认为如何能最有效地传达增高座椅信息的看法。此外，它还深入探讨了家长如何为孩子做出安全决策以及孩子在这一决策过程中的重要作用。
