Harvey Allison G, Bryant Richard A
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
Psychol Bull. 2002 Nov;128(6):886-902. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.128.6.886.
The diagnosis of acute stress disorder (ASD) was introduced to describe initial trauma reactions that predict chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This review outlines and critiques the rationales underpinning the ASD diagnosis and highlights conceptual and empirical problems inherent in this diagnosis. The authors conclude that there is little justification for the ASD diagnosis in its present form. The evidence for and against the current emphasis on peritraumatic dissociation is discussed, and the range of biological and cognitive mechanisms that potentially mediate acute trauma response are reviewed. The available evidence indicates that alternative means of conceptualizing acute trauma reactions and identifying acutely traumatized people who are at risk of developing PTSD need to be considered.
急性应激障碍（ASD）的诊断被引入以描述可预测慢性创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的初始创伤反应。本综述概述并批评了支持ASD诊断的基本原理，并强调了该诊断中固有的概念和实证问题。作者得出结论，目前形式的ASD诊断几乎没有依据。讨论了支持和反对当前对创伤周围解离的强调的证据，并综述了可能介导急性创伤反应的一系列生物学和认知机制。现有证据表明，需要考虑以其他方式来概念化急性创伤反应，并识别有患PTSD风险的急性创伤人群。
