Nishimoto Inês Nobuko, Hamada Gerson Shigueaki, Kowalski Luiz Paulo, Rodrigues Joaquim Gama, Iriya Kiyoshi, Sasazuki Shizuka, Hanaoka Tomoyuki, Tsugane Shoichiro
Research Center, Hospital do Cancer A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2002 Aug;32(8):277-83. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyf060.
Stomach cancer is an important health problem in Brazil, with an estimated 20 000 new cases per year and it was the most frequent cancer site in men and the third most frequent site in women in São Paulo in 1993. Nevertheless, there are no reports of analytical epidemiological study on stomach cancer in Brazil.
A hospital-based case-control study was conducted among Brazilian residents with a non-Japanese background in the city; 236 consecutive cases of histologically confirmed stomach cancer were matched to the same number of controls admitted for non-neoplastic diseases by age (+/-5 years) and gender. The socio-demographic characteristics, personal and family medical history, lifetime history of tobacco use and dietary habits were determined by interview using a structured questionnaire.
Non-white race, lower educational background and lower family income were more frequent in stomach cancer patients. After adjustment for race and educational background, cigarette smoking, frequent use of oil and frequent consumption of egg were significantly associated with increased risk of stomach cancer, while frequent consumption of fruit and vegetables decreased the risk. These associations did not change substantially after mutual adjustment of the other variables.
The present study confirmed that low socio-economic status, cigarette smoking and low consumption of fruit and vegetables were risk factors of stomach cancer in São Paulo, Brazil.
在巴西，胃癌是一个重要的健康问题，估计每年有20000例新发病例，在1993年，胃癌是圣保罗男性中最常见的癌症部位，在女性中是第三常见的癌症部位。然而，巴西尚无关于胃癌的分析性流行病学研究报告。
在该城市对具有非日本背景的巴西居民进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究；236例经组织学确诊的胃癌连续病例与因非肿瘤性疾病入院的相同数量的对照按年龄（±5岁）和性别进行匹配。通过使用结构化问卷进行访谈来确定社会人口学特征、个人和家族病史、吸烟史和饮食习惯。
胃癌患者中，非白种人、较低的教育背景和较低的家庭收入更为常见。在对种族和教育背景进行调整后，吸烟、频繁使用油类和频繁食用鸡蛋与胃癌风险增加显著相关，而频繁食用水果和蔬菜则降低了风险。在对其他变量进行相互调整后，这些关联没有实质性变化。
本研究证实，社会经济地位低、吸烟以及水果和蔬菜摄入量低是巴西圣保罗胃癌的危险因素。
