Kende M
Department of Pathology, Port Moresby General Hospital, Boroko, Papua New Guinea.
P N G Med J. 2001 Sep-Dec;44(3-4):135-50.
In the traditional society of Papua New Guinea (PNG) atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are rare. However, among the urban population reports of cases of atheroma-related CVD are increasing. The purpose of this study was therefore to compare the CVD risk factors in a homogeneous population of the Southern Highlands Province living in both rural and urban areas differing only in their diet and lifestyle. A total of 221 Samberigi people over the age of 25 years were selected for the survey. These included 123 individuals from remote villages of Samberigi and 98 of their relatives who had lived in Port Moresby city continuously for a minimum of 5 years. The anthropometric measurements, blood lipid, blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured and compared. The rural diets were mainly of vegetarian type, limited in variety and low in fat and protein content. In the urban subjects, the typical meal comprised refined foods with high fat and protein content. The urban men and women had significantly (p < 0.05) greater body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist and hip circumferences than their rural counterparts. In Port Moresby, 57% of the men and 67% of the women were overweight or obese compared to 28% of their rural counterparts. Similarly, the mean plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were significantly higher in the urban group. However, no significant differences were demonstrated for waist to hip ratio, LDLC/HDLC ratio and lipoprotein (a) levels between the two groups. The total cholesterol, LDLC and HbA1c were positively associated with age and BMI in both rural and urban locations. In conclusion, there were significant increases in CVD risk factors in the urban population compared to the rural residents. This was predominantly due to the adoption of a western lifestyle and diet as people moved from rural villages to the city of Port Moresby.
在巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）的传统社会中，动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）较为罕见。然而，在城市人口中，与动脉粥样硬化相关的心血管疾病病例报告正在增加。因此，本研究的目的是比较生活在农村和城市地区、仅饮食和生活方式不同的南高地省同质人群中的心血管疾病风险因素。共有221名25岁以上的桑贝里吉人被选入该调查。其中包括来自桑贝里吉偏远村庄的123人以及他们在莫尔斯比港城市连续居住至少5年的98名亲属。对人体测量、血脂、血糖和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平进行了测量和比较。农村饮食主要为素食类型，种类有限，脂肪和蛋白质含量低。在城市受试者中，典型餐食包括高脂肪和高蛋白质含量的精制食品。城市男性和女性的体重、体重指数（BMI）以及腰围和臀围显著（p<0.05）高于农村同龄人。在莫尔斯比港，57%的男性和67%的女性超重或肥胖，而农村同龄人中这一比例为28%。同样，城市组的平均血浆总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDLC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、空腹血糖和HbA1c显著更高。然而，两组之间的腰臀比、LDLC/HDLC比值和脂蛋白（a）水平没有显著差异。农村和城市地区的总胆固醇、LDLC和HbA1c均与年龄和BMI呈正相关。总之，与农村居民相比，城市人口中的心血管疾病风险因素显著增加。这主要是由于人们从农村村庄迁移到莫尔斯比港城市后采用了西方生活方式和饮食。
