Woodruff B A, Duffield A
International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Emergency and Environmental Health Services, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;56(11):1108-18. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601456.
To outline the difficulties and suggest potential solutions in anthropometric assessment of adolescents during humanitarian emergencies.
Literature review.
Multiple settings in which the nutritional status of adolescents has been assessed using anthropometric measurements.
Adolescents in multiple populations.
None.
The use of anthropometry may be more difficult in adolescents than in other age groups because anthropometric indices in normally nourished adolescents change with age and sexual development. Moreover, survey and reference populations may differ in the age at which certain pubertal landmarks are attained, requiring adjustment for differences between survey and reference populations. Adolescent populations may also differ by ethnicity in various body proportions that affect anthropometric indices. Adjustment may be required when the body proportions of adolescents in the reference population differ from those in the population assessed.
Although no definitive recommendation can be made regarding which anthropometric indices are the most appropriate for adolescents, some revisions may improve current practices. Weight-for-height could be used for prepubertal adolescents and body mass index could be used for postpubertal adolescents. Because cut-off points are age-specific, age should be collected as accurately as possible for all adolescents measured during screening or survey activities. The WHO-recommended reference population of US adolescents is inappropriate in most populations of adolescents. Adolescents should never undergo nutritional assessment in isolation; other population subgroups should be included, and other health, nutrition and food data should be collected at the same time.
The United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination/Sub-Committee on Nutrition.
概述在人道主义紧急情况下对青少年进行人体测量评估的困难并提出潜在解决方案。
文献综述。
多个使用人体测量方法评估青少年营养状况的环境。
多人群中的青少年。
无。
在青少年中使用人体测量法可能比在其他年龄组中更困难，因为正常营养的青少年的人体测量指标会随着年龄和性发育而变化。此外，调查人群和参考人群在达到某些青春期标志的年龄上可能存在差异，这就需要对调查人群和参考人群之间的差异进行调整。青少年群体在影响人体测量指标的各种身体比例上也可能因种族不同而有所差异。当参考人群中青少年的身体比例与被评估人群中的不同时，可能需要进行调整。
虽然对于哪些人体测量指标最适合青少年无法给出明确建议，但一些修订可能会改善当前的做法。身高别体重可用于青春期前的青少年，体重指数可用于青春期后的青少年。由于临界值是特定年龄的，在筛查或调查活动中对所有被测青少年都应尽可能准确地收集年龄信息。世界卫生组织推荐的美国青少年参考人群在大多数青少年人群中并不适用。青少年绝不应该孤立地接受营养评估；应该纳入其他人群亚组，同时收集其他健康、营养和食物数据。
联合国行政协调委员会/营养问题小组委员会。
