Long Debra L, Prat Chantel S
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2002 Nov;28(6):1073-82. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.28.6.1073.
Prior studies have found robust knowledge effects on recall of text ideas but have seldom found comparable effects on recognition. This inconsistency was examined in light of recent research on the component processes that underlie recognition memory. Using the remember/know paradigm, the authors found that experts made more remember judgments than novices, but only in response to text ideas relevant to their domain of expertise. Using the process-dissociation procedure, the authors found knowledge effects on recollection estimates, but not on familiarity estimates. The authors contend that knowledge effects have been difficult to detect in recognition because knowledge primarily affects recollection, whereas familiarity gives rise to good performance even among novices.
先前的研究发现，知识对文本观点的回忆有显著影响，但对识别的影响却很少有类似的发现。鉴于最近对构成识别记忆基础的组成过程的研究，对这种不一致性进行了考察。作者采用记住/知道范式发现，专家比新手做出更多的记住判断，但仅限于针对与他们专业领域相关的文本观点。作者采用过程分离程序发现，知识对回忆估计有影响，但对熟悉度估计没有影响。作者认为，在识别中难以检测到知识效应，是因为知识主要影响回忆，而熟悉度即使在新手当中也能带来良好的表现。
