Petersen Andreas, Andersen Jens Strodl, Kaewmak Tawatchai, Somsiri Temdoung, Dalsgaard Anders
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Dec;68(12):6036-42. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.6036-6042.2002.
Integrated fish farming combines livestock production with fish farming. Animal manure is shed directly into a fish pond as fertilizer and supports the growth of photosynthetic organisms. The livestock, mainly chickens and pigs, is often fed feed containing growth promoters. In this study we investigated the impact of integrated fish farming on the levels of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in a pond environment. One integrated broiler chicken-fish farm was studied for 2 months immediately after the start of a new fish production cycle. A significant increase over time in the resistance to six different antimicrobials was found for the indicator organism Acinetobacter spp. isolated from composite water-sediment samples. The initial resistance levels prior to the new production cycle were 1 to 5%. After 2 months the levels of resistance to oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole reached 100%, and the levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin were more than 80%. The long-term effects of resistance on integrated farming were studied on seven additional farms. The resistance levels were particularly high among Enterococcus spp. and were also high among Acinetobacter spp. isolated from water-sediment samples compared to the resistance levels at four control farms. In conclusion, integrated fish farming seems to favor antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the pond environment. This could be attributed to the selective pressure of antimicrobials in the pond environment and/or to the introduction of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from animal manure. Potential risks to human health were not addressed in this study and remain to be elucidated.
综合养鱼将畜牧业生产与养鱼业结合起来。动物粪便直接排入鱼塘作为肥料，促进光合生物的生长。这些家畜主要是鸡和猪，通常喂食含有生长促进剂的饲料。在本研究中，我们调查了综合养鱼对池塘环境中抗菌耐药菌水平的影响。在一个新的鱼类生产周期开始后，立即对一个肉鸡-鱼类综合养殖场进行了为期2个月的研究。从复合水-沉积物样本中分离出的指示生物不动杆菌属对六种不同抗菌药物的耐药性随时间显著增加。新生产周期开始前的初始耐药水平为1%至5%。2个月后，对土霉素和磺胺甲恶唑的耐药水平达到100%，对环丙沙星的耐药水平超过80%。在另外七个养殖场研究了耐药性对综合养殖的长期影响。与四个对照养殖场的耐药水平相比，从水-沉积物样本中分离出的肠球菌属中的耐药水平特别高，不动杆菌属中的耐药水平也很高。总之，综合养鱼似乎有利于池塘环境中的抗菌耐药菌。这可能归因于池塘环境中抗菌药物的选择压力和/或动物粪便中抗菌耐药菌的引入。本研究未涉及对人类健康的潜在风险，仍有待阐明。
