Stanfill S B, Calafat A M, Brown C R, Polzin G M, Chiang J M, Watson C H, Ashley D L
Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Emergency Response and Air Toxicants Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F-19, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341-3719, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2003 Feb;41(2):303-17. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00230-2.
Indian-made bidi cigarettes sold in the United States are available in a variety of exotic (e.g. clove, mango) and candy-like (e.g. chocolate, raspberry) flavors. Because certain tobacco flavorings contain alkenylbenzenes and other toxic or carcinogenic chemicals, we measured the concentration of flavor-related compounds in bidi tobacco using a previously developed method. Twenty-three brands of bidis were sampled using automated headspace solid-phase microextraction and subsequently analyzed for 12 compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two alkenylbenzene compounds, trans-anethole and eugenol, were found in greater than 90% of the brands analyzed. Methyleugenol, pulegone and estragole were each detected in 30% or more of the brands, whereas safrole and elemicin were not detected in any of the brands. The flavor-related compounds with the highest tobacco concentrations were eugenol (12,000 microg/g tobacco) and trans-anethole (2200 microg/g tobacco). The highest eugenol and trans-anethole concentrations found in bidi tobacco were about 70,000 and 7500 times greater, respectively, than the highest levels previously found in US cigarette brands. Measurement of these compounds is crucial to evaluation of potential risks associated with inhaling highly concentrated flavor-related compounds from bidis or other tobacco products.
在美国销售的印度产比迪烟有多种异国风味（如丁香、芒果味）和类似糖果的风味（如巧克力、树莓味）。由于某些烟草调味剂含有烯基苯及其他有毒或致癌化学物质，我们采用先前开发的方法测定了比迪烟丝中与风味相关化合物的浓度。使用自动顶空固相微萃取对23个品牌的比迪烟进行采样，随后通过气相色谱 - 质谱法分析12种化合物。在所分析的品牌中，超过90%含有两种烯基苯化合物，反式茴香脑和丁香酚。甲基丁香酚、长叶薄荷酮和草蒿脑在30%或更多的品牌中均有检出，而在所分析的任何品牌中均未检测到黄樟素和榄香素。烟草中与风味相关化合物含量最高的是丁香酚（12,000微克/克烟丝）和反式茴香脑（2200微克/克烟丝）。比迪烟丝中丁香酚和反式茴香脑的最高含量分别比之前在美国香烟品牌中发现的最高含量高出约70,000倍和7500倍。测定这些化合物对于评估吸入来自比迪烟或其他烟草产品中高浓度风味相关化合物的潜在风险至关重要。
