退休对身心健康机能是好是坏？白厅II公务员纵向研究。
Is retirement good or bad for mental and physical health functioning? Whitehall II longitudinal study of civil servants.
作者信息
Mein G, Martikainen P, Hemingway H, Stansfeld S, Marmot M
机构信息
International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK.
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Jan;57(1):46-9. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.1.46.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
To determine whether retirement at age 60 is associated with improvement or deterioration in mental and physical health, when analysed by occupational grade and gender.
METHODS
Longitudinal study of civil servants aged 54 to 59 years at baseline, comparing changes in SF-36 health functioning in retired (n=392) and working (n=618) participants at follow up. Data were collected from self completed questionnaires.
RESULTS
Mental health functioning deteriorated among those who continued to work, but improved among the retired. However, improvements in mental health were restricted to those in higher employment grades. Physical functioning declined in both working and retired civil servants.
CONCLUSION
The study found that retirement at age 60 had no effects on physical health functioning and, if anything, was associated with an improvement in mental health, particularly among high socioeconomic status groups.
摘要
背景
按职业等级和性别进行分析，以确定60岁退休是否与身心健康的改善或恶化相关。
方法
对基线时年龄在54至59岁的公务员进行纵向研究，比较退休参与者（n = 392）和在职参与者（n = 618）在随访时SF-36健康功能的变化。数据通过自行填写的问卷收集。
结果
继续工作的人的心理健康功能恶化，但退休人员的心理健康功能有所改善。然而，心理健康的改善仅限于较高职业等级的人。在职和退休公务员的身体功能均下降。
结论
该研究发现，60岁退休对身体健康功能没有影响，而且如果有影响的话，与心理健康的改善有关，特别是在高社会经济地位群体中。
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