Acton G Scott
Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0984, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2003 Jan;38(1):67-83. doi: 10.1081/ja-120016566.
This review describes how measures of a prominent three-dimensional hierarchical model of personality traits relate to substance use. H. J. Eysenck proposed a biologically based model of personality that gave rise to related models such as those of J. A. Gray, C. R. Cloninger, and M. Zuckerman. The varying role of impulsivity--a trait related to disinhibition, approach motivation, novelty seeking, and sensation seeking--in successive self-report measures of this model, including the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), is described. It is argued that certain findings in experimental, cross-sectional, and longitudinal research using these measures point to the importance of impulsivity as a temperamental vulnerability factor for substance use.
本综述描述了一个著名的三维人格特质层次模型的测量方法与物质使用之间的关系。H. J. 艾森克提出了一个基于生物学的人格模型，由此衍生出了相关模型，如J. A. 格雷、C. R. 克隆宁格和M. 朱克曼的模型。文中描述了冲动性（一种与去抑制、趋近动机、新奇寻求和感觉寻求相关的特质）在该模型的连续自陈式测量方法（包括艾森克人格问卷（EPI）和艾森克人格调查表（EPQ））中所起的不同作用。有人认为，使用这些测量方法进行的实验性、横断面研究和纵向研究中的某些发现表明，冲动性作为物质使用的气质性易感性因素具有重要意义。
