Langbehn Douglas R, Cadoret Remi J, Caspers Kristin, Troughton Edward P, Yucuis Rebecca
Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, 5107 Westlawn Building, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003 Mar 1;69(2):151-67. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00310-1.
Applying survival analysis methodology to age-of-onset data from an adoption study (N = 196), we present evidence that risks for both drug use and drug problems (DSM abuse or dependence) are elevated when combined antisocial personality (ASP) and substance abuse is present in the same biological parent. It is increased not only in comparison to adoptees with no known biological risk, but also when compared to adoptees with a biological background for only substance problems or only ASP. Neither of these later groups showed a statistically higher risk when compared with controls. Among adoptees with recurrent drug use, adolescent aggressivity is also elevated when the combined substance abuse/ASP biological diathesis is present. Statistical control for aggressivity diminished but did not eliminate the predictive significance of the combined biological diathesis for drug problems. We also verify, using more refined methodology, our previous reports of gender and adverse adoptive environmental influences on drug-related outcomes in these subjects. We could not document a biology-environment interaction, but power to do so was rather low. We argue that the observed biological associations are broadly consistent with generalization to other substances of an alcoholism phenotype similar to Cloninger's Type II or Babor's Type B.
运用生存分析方法对一项收养研究（N = 196）中的发病年龄数据进行分析，我们发现，当亲生父母同时存在反社会人格（ASP）和药物滥用问题时，其子女使用药物及出现药物问题（DSM定义的滥用或依赖）的风险会升高。这种风险不仅高于没有已知亲生风险的被收养者，而且高于仅有药物问题或仅有反社会人格的亲生背景的被收养者。与对照组相比，后两组在统计学上均未显示出更高的风险。在反复使用药物的被收养者中，当同时存在药物滥用/反社会人格的亲生素质时，青少年攻击性也会升高。对攻击性进行统计控制后，联合亲生素质对药物问题的预测意义虽有所减弱，但并未消除。我们还采用更精细的方法验证了我们之前关于性别及不良收养环境对这些受试者药物相关结局影响的报告。我们未能证实生物学与环境的相互作用，不过进行此项验证的效能相当低。我们认为，观察到的生物学关联与将类似于克隆宁格II型或巴伯B型的酒精中毒表型推广到其他物质的情况大致相符。
