González M Carmen, Lull Cristina, Moya Pilar, Ayala Ildefonso, Primo Jaime, Primo Yúfera Eduardo
Centro de Ecología Química Agrícola, Campus de Vera, Edificio 9B, Laboratorio 111, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Apr 9;51(8):2156-60. doi: 10.1021/jf020983e.
Penitrem G (7), a new indole-diterpenoid compound, has been isolated together with the already known mycotoxins penitrems A-D (1-4) and F (6) from the mycelium of Penicillium crustosum Thom. The structure of penitrem G was established on the basis of spectroscopic data. In addition, paspaline (8), another indole-diterpenoid mycotoxin that has not been previously described in this fungus, was also isolated. These compounds were tested for insecticidal activity against the hemipteran Oncopeltus fasciatus Dallas and the dipteran Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann. Penitrems A-D and F showed convulsive and insecticidal activities against both insect species. In addition, important reductions in the fecundity and fertility of the surviving C. capitata females were observed. In contrast, penitrem G and paspaline did not show any kind of activity. Mortality data and sublethal effects of the treatments have allowed preliminary structure-activity relationships to be proposed.
青霉震颤素G（7）是一种新的吲哚-二萜类化合物，它与已为人知的霉菌毒素青霉震颤素A-D（1-4）和F（6）一起，从 Thom 氏皮落青霉的菌丝体中分离得到。青霉震颤素G的结构是根据光谱数据确定的。此外，还分离出了另一种吲哚-二萜类霉菌毒素——雀稗碱（8），该毒素此前未在这种真菌中被描述过。对这些化合物针对半翅目昆虫豆长蝽和双翅目昆虫地中海实蝇进行了杀虫活性测试。青霉震颤素A-D和F对这两种昆虫均表现出惊厥和杀虫活性。此外，还观察到存活的地中海实蝇雌虫的繁殖力和生育力大幅下降。相比之下，青霉震颤素G和雀稗碱未表现出任何活性。处理的死亡率数据和亚致死效应有助于提出初步的构效关系。
