Russell M A, Feyerabend C, Cole P V
Br Med J. 1976 May 1;1(6017):1043-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6017.1043.
Plasma nicotine levels were measured over seven hours of smoking cigarettes (1-2 mg nicotine) in a single subject under standardised conditions, and were compared with the levels obtained from chewing-gum containing either 2 mg or 4 mg nicotine. Levels comparable to those resulting from smoking were not obtained with the 2-mg gum, but peak levels on the 4-mg gum averaged 40-1 ng/ml from the third gum onwards compared with 49-2ng/ml after cigarettes. Nicotine was absorbed much more slowly from the gum than from cigarettes. It took 15-30 minutes for the 4-mg gum to raise the plasma nicotine by an average of 11-9 ng/ml compared with an average increase of 27-8 ng/ml within two minutes of completing each cigarette. In a sample of 15 smokers attending a withdrawal clinic the average plasma nicotine concentration while taking 2-mg nicotine chewing-gum was only 10-8 ng/ml compared with 30-4 ng/ml two minutes after smoking a cigarette. Although plasma nicotine levels equivalent to those following cigarette smoking may be obtained by chewing at least 10 pieces of 4-mg nicotine gum daily, the slower rate of absorption may limit its therapeutic value as a substitute for cigarette smoking.
在标准化条件下，对一名受试者吸烟（1 - 2毫克尼古丁）7小时期间的血浆尼古丁水平进行了测量，并与含有2毫克或4毫克尼古丁的口香糖所产生的水平进行了比较。2毫克的口香糖未能达到与吸烟相当的水平，但从第三片4毫克口香糖开始，其峰值水平平均为40 - 1纳克/毫升，而吸烟后的峰值水平为49 - 2纳克/毫升。尼古丁从口香糖中的吸收比从香烟中慢得多。4毫克的口香糖需要15 - 30分钟才能使血浆尼古丁平均升高11 - 9纳克/毫升，而每吸完一支烟后两分钟内平均升高27 - 8纳克/毫升。在一家戒烟诊所的15名吸烟者样本中，服用2毫克尼古丁口香糖时的平均血浆尼古丁浓度仅为10 - 8纳克/毫升，而吸烟两分钟后的浓度为30 - 4纳克/毫升。尽管每天至少咀嚼10片4毫克尼古丁口香糖可能会使血浆尼古丁水平达到与吸烟后相当的水平，但较慢的吸收速度可能会限制其作为吸烟替代品的治疗价值。
