Russell M A, Sutton S R, Feyerabend C, Cole P V, Saloojee Y
Br Med J. 1977 Apr 23;1(6068):1060-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6068.1060.
The capacity of nicotine-containing chewing gum to produce plasma nicotine levels comparable to heavy cigarette smoking was tested in 21 subjects. On a fixed schedule of one piece of gum (4 mg nicotine) per hour, the average peak plasma nicotine concentration was 175-7 nmol/l (28-5 ng/ml) compared to 189-3 nmol/l (30-7 ng/ml) obtained from normal ad libitum smoking. Unpleasant side effects were common and in some cases plasma nicotine concentrations were two and even three times as high as with smoking; The chewing gum provided some satisfaction to all but four subjects, but its degree was not related to the concentration of plasma nicotine it produced, neither was there an inverse relation between the plasma nicotine concentration while taking the gum and the subjective sense of missing cigarettesmthis suggests that the capacity of the gum to act as a substitute for smoking is not necessarily related to its capacity to provide nicotine. Flexible dosage dictated by individual needs would probably lower the incidence of side effects and might secure closer approximation to smoking concentrations of plasma nicotine.
对21名受试者测试了含尼古丁口香糖产生与重度吸烟相当的血浆尼古丁水平的能力。按照每小时一片口香糖（4毫克尼古丁）的固定时间表，平均血浆尼古丁峰值浓度为175 - 7纳摩尔/升（28 - 5纳克/毫升），而正常随意吸烟时获得的浓度为189 - 3纳摩尔/升（30 - 7纳克/毫升）。不愉快的副作用很常见，在某些情况下，血浆尼古丁浓度比吸烟时高出两倍甚至三倍；除了四名受试者外，口香糖给其他所有受试者都带来了一定程度的满足感，但其程度与它所产生的血浆尼古丁浓度无关，服用口香糖时的血浆尼古丁浓度与想念香烟的主观感觉之间也没有反比关系——这表明口香糖作为吸烟替代品的能力不一定与其提供尼古丁的能力相关。根据个人需求灵活调整剂量可能会降低副作用的发生率，并可能使血浆尼古丁浓度更接近吸烟时的浓度。
