Moore Lynn L, Gao Di, Bradlee M Loring, Cupples L Adrienne, Sundarajan-Ramamurti Anuradha, Proctor Munro H, Hood Maggie Y, Singer Martha R, Ellison R Curtis
Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Prev Med. 2003 Jul;37(1):10-7. doi: 10.1016/s0091-7435(03)00048-3.
Declining levels of physical activity in the population at large may be responsible in part for the rising rates of childhood obesity. Studies to date, however, have not consistently demonstrated such a protective effect. We used longitudinal data from the Framingham Children's Study (FCS) to address this important question.
We used 8 years of activity monitoring (Caltrac electronic motion sensors) and repeated anthropometry measures for 103 children to examine the effect of activity on body fat change from preschool to early adolescence. Longitudinal data analysis methods were employed to account for the use of repeated measures on these children.
Children in the highest tertile of average daily activity from ages 4 to 11 years had consistently smaller gains in BMI, triceps, and sum of five skinfolds throughout childhood. By early adolescence (age 11), the sum of five skinfolds was 95.1, 94.5, and 74.1 for the low, middle, and high tertiles of activity, respectively (P for trend = 0.045). This protective effect of activity was evident for both girls and boys.
This longitudinal study adds strong support for the hypothesis that higher levels of physical activity during childhood lead to the acquisition of less body fat by the time of early adolescence.
总体人群中身体活动水平的下降可能是儿童肥胖率上升的部分原因。然而，迄今为止的研究并未始终如一地证明这种保护作用。我们使用来自弗雷明汉儿童研究（FCS）的纵向数据来解决这个重要问题。
我们对103名儿童进行了8年的活动监测（Caltrac电子运动传感器）和重复的人体测量，以研究从学龄前到青春期早期活动对体脂变化的影响。采用纵向数据分析方法来处理对这些儿童的重复测量数据。
4至11岁平均每日活动量处于最高三分位数的儿童在整个童年期的BMI、三头肌皮褶厚度和五项皮褶厚度总和的增加一直较少。到青春期早期（11岁），活动量低、中、高三分位数的儿童五项皮褶厚度总和分别为95.1、94.5和74.1（趋势P值 = 0.045）。活动的这种保护作用在男孩和女孩中均很明显。
这项纵向研究为童年期较高水平的身体活动会导致青春期早期获得较少体脂这一假设提供了有力支持。
