Decraene Marga, Chong Kar Hau, Stanford Ty, Dumuid Dorothea, Cross Penny, Cardon Greet, Verbestel Vera, De Craemer Marieke, Okely Anthony
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 29;25(1):368. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21217-x.
The relationship between 24-h movement behaviours (i.e. sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) and adiposity in preschoolers remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in preschoolers making use of compositional data analysis (CoDA).
Australian preschoolers (3-5 years) from the Early Start Baseline Study wore an ActiGraph accelerometer to assess sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Their weight and height were measured using standardized protocols and converted to Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores using the World Health Organisation growth references. Their parents completed a questionnaire to assess their level of education and the child's sleep duration, age and sex. CoDA was employed to investigate the association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in R.
This study included 169 preschoolers and their overall 24-h movement behaviour composition was associated with BMI z-scores (F = 5.02, p = 0.002). When examining the association between each movement behaviour relative to the others and BMI z-scores, we observed a statistically significant favourable association for sleep (p = 0.025) and unfavourable association for MVPA (p = 0.010), but not for the other behaviours. As such, reallocating 10 min from sleep or from MVPA, proportionally to all other behaviours was associated with a difference of + 0.031 (95%CI = 0.004,0.06) and -0.085 (95%CI = -0.15,-0.02) in BMI z-score, respectively.
Despite the association between more time spent in MVPA and higher BMI z-scores, promoting a balanced amount of time in each 24-h movement behaviour-more MVPA, less sedentary time, and sufficient sleep-remains important for overall health. Future studies should address methodological challenges (e.g. recruitment bias that may exist in the parents/children willing to participate versus the general population, recall bias in parent reported sleep duration, or other confounding variables such as diet), use larger and more diverse samples, and consider longitudinal designs. Additionally, focusing on other adiposity indicators, such as waist-to-height ratio or fat percentage, could enhance understanding of these relationships.
24小时运动行为（即睡眠、久坐行为和身体活动）与学龄前儿童肥胖之间的关系仍不明确。因此，本研究旨在利用成分数据分析（CoDA）来调查24小时运动行为与学龄前儿童肥胖之间的关联。
来自早期开始基线研究的澳大利亚学龄前儿童（3 - 5岁）佩戴ActiGraph加速度计，以评估久坐行为（SB）、轻度身体活动（LPA）和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）。使用标准化方案测量他们的体重和身高，并根据世界卫生组织的生长参考标准将其转换为体重指数（BMI）z评分。他们的父母完成一份问卷，以评估他们的教育水平以及孩子的睡眠时间、年龄和性别。采用CoDA来研究R中24小时运动行为与肥胖之间的关联。
本研究纳入了169名学龄前儿童，他们的总体24小时运动行为构成与BMI z评分相关（F = 5.02，p = 0.002）。在检查每种运动行为相对于其他行为与BMI z评分之间的关联时，我们观察到睡眠存在统计学上显著的有利关联（p = 0.025），MVPA存在不利关联（p = 0.010），但其他行为不存在此类关联。因此，从睡眠或MVPA中按比例重新分配10分钟到所有其他行为，分别与BMI z评分的差异+0.031（95%CI = 0.004,0.06）和 -0.085（95%CI = -0.15,-0.02）相关。
尽管MVPA时间增加与较高的BMI z评分相关，但促进24小时内每种运动行为的时间达到平衡——更多的MVPA、更少的久坐时间和充足的睡眠——对整体健康仍然很重要。未来的研究应解决方法学挑战（例如，愿意参与的父母/儿童与一般人群之间可能存在的招募偏差、父母报告的睡眠时间的回忆偏差或其他混杂变量，如饮食），使用更大且更多样化的样本，并考虑纵向设计。此外，关注其他肥胖指标，如腰高比或脂肪百分比，可能会增强对这些关系的理解。
