DeSoto M Catherine, Geary David C, Hoard Mary K, Sheldon Melanie S, Cooper Lynn
Department of Psychology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0505, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2003 Aug;28(6):751-66. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4530(02)00068-9.
Results from three studies suggest fluctuation in estrogen level may influence the expression of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. In the first study, 226 women were administered the Personality Assessment Inventory, borderline scales (PAI-BOR; L.C. Morey, The Personality Assessment Inventory, Professional Manual, 1991) and a questionnaire that assessed time in menstrual cycle and use of oral contraceptives, that is synthetic estrogens. BPD symptoms were most common in women using oral contraceptives and during times in the menstrual cycle when estrogen level is rising. In Study 2, 52 women were measured four times across one menstrual cycle and provided salivary samples at each test session. The samples were assayed and estrogen levels were obtained. The principle finding was that variation in estrogen levels predicted the presence of BPD symptoms (r=0.4, p<0.01). This relationship remained significant when a general increase in negative affect was statistically controlled. Study 3 employed a pre-post Oral Contraceptive (OC) design with a control group. It was found that for women with high pre-existing levels of BPD, symptoms became significantly worse after starting pill use (F (3,42)=4.7; p<0.01). Research findings that link the serotonin system and estrogen are reviewed and theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
三项研究的结果表明，雌激素水平的波动可能会影响边缘型人格障碍（BPD）症状的表现。在第一项研究中，对226名女性进行了人格评估量表边缘型分量表（PAI-BOR；L.C.莫雷，《人格评估量表专业手册》，1991年）以及一份评估月经周期时间和口服避孕药（即合成雌激素）使用情况的问卷测试。BPD症状在使用口服避孕药的女性以及月经周期中雌激素水平上升的时期最为常见。在研究2中，对52名女性在一个月经周期内进行了四次测量，并在每次测试时提供唾液样本。对样本进行分析并得出雌激素水平。主要发现是雌激素水平的变化预示着BPD症状的出现（r = 0.4，p < 0.01）。当对负面情绪的总体增加进行统计控制时，这种关系仍然显著。研究3采用了口服避孕药（OC）前后对照设计并设置了一个对照组。研究发现，对于基线BPD水平较高的女性，开始服用避孕药后症状明显恶化（F(3,42)=4.7；p < 0.01）。本文回顾了将血清素系统与雌激素联系起来的研究结果，并讨论了其理论和实际意义。
